Table 5.

Multivariate analysis of malaria at delivery

Factors	Peripheral parasitaemia	Placental parasitaemia
	AOR (95 % CI) P value	AOR (95 % CI) P value
Model 1 ZPP
Primigravidae	2.71 (2.02 – 3.65) 0.001	3.18 (2.34 – 4.33) 0.001
IPTp-SP ≥1dose	0.60 (0.44 – 0.82) 0.001	0.91 (0.66 – 1.26) 0.56
ZPP Category 1	0.68 (0.44 – 1.05) 0.08	1.22 (0.77 -1.94) 0.40
ZPP Category 2	0.54 (0.29 – 0.99) 0.05	0.54 (0.29 – 1.00) 0.05
ZPP Category 3	1.46 (0.99 – 2.15) 0.06	1.06 (0.71 – 1.58) 0.79
ZPP Category 4	1.48 (0.96 – 2.29) 0.08	0.83 (0.52 – 1.32) 0.43
Model 2 ZPP and HIV Status
Primigravidae	2.44 (1.59 – 3.73) 0.001	2.84 (1.82 – 4.41) 0.001
HIV positive	1.67 (1.07 – 2.62) 0.03	1.75 (1.09 – 2.80) 0.02
IPTp-SP ≥1dose	0.65 (0.42 – 1.02) 0.06	0.93 (0.59 – 1.47) 0.76
ZPP Category 1	0.59 (0.31 – 1.11) 0.10	1.20 (0.61 – 2.37) 0.60
ZPP Category 2	0.68 (0.29 – 1.60) 0.37	0.67 (0.28 – 1.58) 0.36
ZPP Category 3	1.42 (0.80 – 2.54) 0.23	1.16 (0.66 – 2.07) 0.63
ZPP Category 4	1.71 (0.90 – 3.24) 0.10	0.83 (0.42 – 1.65) 0.60

IPTp-SP: intermittent preventive treatment with sulphadoxine–pyrimethamine.

ZPP: Zinc erythrocyte protoporphyrin.

Category 1: ZPP normal to ZPP normal.

Category 2: Raised ZPP to normal ZPP.

Category 3: Raised ZPP to raised ZPP.

Category 4: Normal ZPP to raised ZPP.