Table 1.
Characteristics of ACEI users, ARB users and both drugs users
| Characteristics* | ACEI users (n = 64,710) |
ARB users (n = 22,317) |
Both drug users (n = 60,130) |
ARB users vs. ACEI users§ Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
Both drug users vs. ACEI users§ Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age
†
, mean (SD) |
54.7 |
(17.1) |
57.8 |
(14.0) |
59.7 |
(12.8) |
|
|
|
|
| < 20 yrs |
2,657 |
(4.1) |
71 |
(0.3) |
102 |
(0.2) |
0.13 |
(0.10–0.17)# |
0.19 |
(0.15–0.23)# |
| 20–39 yrs |
7,197 |
(11.1) |
1,910 |
(8.6) |
3,532 |
(5.9) |
0.81 |
(0.77–0.86)# |
0.60 |
(0.57–0.63)¶ |
| 40–59 yrs |
28,172 |
(43.5) |
10,534 |
(47.2) |
24,565 |
(40.9) |
0.99 |
(0.96–1.02)# |
0.72 |
(0.71–0.74)# |
| > = 60 yrs (reference group) |
26,684 |
(41.2) |
9,802 |
(43.9) |
31,931 |
(53.1) |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Male |
33,267 |
(51.4) |
11,984 |
(53.7) |
29,810 |
(49.6) |
1.08 |
(1.04–1.11)# |
0.91 |
(0.89–0.93)# |
| Female (reference group) |
31,433 |
(48.6) |
10,333 |
(46.3) |
30,320 |
(50.4) |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
Clinical conditions
‡
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk (390–459) |
55,253 |
(85.4) |
20,526 |
(92.0) |
59,489 |
(98.9) |
0.63 |
(0.57–0.68)# |
6.14 |
(5.54–6.81)# |
| Diabetes (249–250) |
11,595 |
(17.9) |
4,837 |
(21.7) |
24,311 |
(40.4) |
0.93 |
(0.90–0.97)¶ |
2.04 |
(1.98–2.10)# |
| Kidney diseases (580–589) |
3,493 |
(5.4) |
1,215 |
(5.4) |
9,863 |
(16.4) |
0.84 |
(0.79–0.91)# |
2.96 |
(2.83–3.10)# |
| Hyperlipidemia (272) |
11,247 |
(17.4) |
6,353 |
(28.5) |
26,004 |
(43.2) |
1.70 |
(1.64–1.77)# |
2.63 |
(2.56–2.71)# |
| None of the above diseases | 7,745 | (12.0) | 841 | (3.8) | 113 | (0.2) | 0.28 | (0.25–0.31)# | 0.21 | (0.17–0.26)# |
*Unless otherwise indicated, values are numbers and proportions (in %).
†Age is defined at the earliest date of ACEIs or ARBs prescription.
‡The clinical conditions were represented by ICD9-CM codes.
§The adjusted odds ratios were estimated in multivariate logistic regression with the reference group defined as patients who were treated only with ACEIs during the study period. Patients who were treated only with ARBs were defined as ARB users. Patients who were treated with at least one ACEI and one ARB during the study period were defined as both drug users.
¶Significance is represented as: p < 0.01, #p < 0.0001.
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.