Table 1.
Covariates and Their Relation to Having Ever Tried Smoking (N=3653)
| White (N=2093) | Black (N=820) | Hispanic (N=482) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| % | % Smoking | 95% CI (%) | % | % Smoking | 95% CI (%) | % | % Smoking | 95% CI (%) | |
| Age Group (Years) | |||||||||
| 13 | 3 | 15.9 | (6.8, 24.9) | 1.3 | 36.4 | (7.9, 64.8) | 5.8 | 17.9 | (3.7, 32) |
| 14 | 18.6 | 22.1 | (18, 26.2) | 22.1 | 24.9 | (18.6, 31.2) | 20.5 | 29.3 | (20.3, 38.3) |
| 15 | 22.5 | 28.5 | (24.4, 32.6) | 25 | 28.8 | (22.6, 35) | 22 | 37.7 | (28.5, 47) |
| 16 | 21.6 | 38.9 | (34.4, 43.3) | 25 | 34.1 | (27.7, 40.6) | 19.1 | 39.1 | (29.2, 49.1) |
| 17 | 20.4 | 44.4 | (39.7, 49.1) | 23.7 | 39.2 | (32.3, 46) | 20.1 | 49.5 | (39.5, 59.4) |
| 18 | 13.9 | 53.1 | (47.4, 58.8) | 2.9 | 50 | (30, 70) | 12.4 | 65 | (52.9, 77.1) |
|
| |||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 49.6 | 32.9 | (30.1, 35.8) | 54.5 | 30.6 | (26.4, 34.9) | 48.3 | 38.6 | (32.4, 44.9) |
| Male | 50.4 | 38.7 | (35.7, 41.6) | 45.5 | 34.6 | (29.8, 39.4) | 51.7 | 43 | (36.8, 49.1) |
|
| |||||||||
| Parental Education | |||||||||
| <High School | 7.7 | 55.6 | (47.9, 63.2) | 12.9 | 32.1 | (23.2, 41) | 36.1 | 39.1 | (31.8, 46.3) |
| High School | 14.7 | 47.6 | (42, 53.1) | 18.3 | 36 | (28.3, 43.7) | 19.3 | 41.9 | (31.9, 52) |
| >High School | 75.9 | 31.5 | (29.2, 33.8) | 67.7 | 31.9 | (28, 35.8) | 41.5 | 42 | (35.2, 48.8) |
|
| |||||||||
| Household Income ($1000) | |||||||||
| <20 | 3.2 | 63.2 | (51.8, 74.7) | 16.5 | 38.5 | (30.3, 46.7) | 19.7 | 36.8 | (27.1, 46.5) |
| 20–30 | 4.9 | 52.9 | (43.3, 62.6) | 11.3 | 26.9 | (17.9, 35.9) | 17.6 | 41.2 | (30.7, 51.6) |
| 30–50 | 15.3 | 43.4 | (38, 48.9) | 19.1 | 33.8 | (26.4, 41.2) | 22.4 | 37 | (27.9, 46.1) |
| 50–75 | 20.8 | 33.7 | (29.3, 38.2) | 17.6 | 34.7 | (26.9, 42.5) | 14.3 | 47.8 | (36, 59.6) |
| 75–100 | 19 | 35.3 | (30.6, 40) | 13.5 | 30.6 | (22.1, 39.2) | 8.3 | 47.5 | (32, 63) |
| >100 | 32.2 | 29 | (25.5, 32.4) | 14.8 | 30.6 | (22.4, 38.8) | 10.8 | 46.2 | (32.6, 59.7) |
|
| |||||||||
| Exposure to Smoking Occurrences (Quartiles) | |||||||||
| Lowest | 31.4 | 20.2 | (17.2, 23.3) | 9.4 | 28.6 | (18.5, 38.7) | 22 | 28.3 | (19.7, 36.9) |
| 2nd | 26.3 | 31.4 | (27.5, 35.3) | 19.5 | 26.2 | (19.4, 33.1) | 27.8 | 35.1 | (27, 43.2) |
| 3rd | 23 | 44.2 | (39.8, 48.6) | 31.5 | 32.2 | (26.5, 37.9) | 24.3 | 41.9 | (32.9, 50.8) |
| Highest | 19.3 | 57.3 | (52.5, 62.1) | 39.6 | 36.6 | (31.4, 41.9) | 25.9 | 56.8 | (48.1, 65.5) |
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| TV Per Day (Hours) | |||||||||
| None | 9.1 | 27.9 | (21.5, 34.3) | 3.2 | 30.8 | (13, 48.5) | 3.7 | 44.4 | (21.5, 67.4) |
| <1 | 28.2 | 36.9 | (33, 40.8) | 11.2 | 30.4 | (21, 39.8) | 20.7 | 35 | (25.7, 44.3) |
| 1–2 | 47.2 | 35.9 | (32.9, 38.9) | 35.5 | 30.6 | (25.3, 35.9) | 45.9 | 41.2 | (34.7, 47.7) |
| 3–4 | 12.7 | 37.4 | (31.5, 43.2) | 31.2 | 31.6 | (25.9, 37.3) | 22.6 | 45 | (35.6, 54.3) |
| 4+ | 2.8 | 42.4 | (29.8, 55) | 18.9 | 38.7 | (31, 46.4) | 7.1 | 41.2 | (24.6, 57.7) |
|
| |||||||||
| TV In Bedroom | |||||||||
| No | 43.3 | 26.8 | (23.9, 29.7) | 20.2 | 23.5 | (17, 29.9) | 30.5 | 41.5 | (33.5, 49.5) |
| Yes | 56.7 | 42.7 | (39.9, 45.6) | 79.8 | 34.7 | (31.1, 38.4) | 69.5 | 40.6 | (35.3, 45.9) |
|
| |||||||||
| Sensation Seeking (Quartiles) | |||||||||
| Lowest | 20 | 15.6 | (12.1, 19) | 28.2 | 20.8 | (15.5, 26) | 20.5 | 22.2 | (14, 30.4) |
| 2nd | 23.1 | 22.9 | (19.2, 26.7) | 26.6 | 26.6 | (20.7, 32.5) | 24.9 | 35 | (26.5, 43.5) |
| 3rd | 25.5 | 40 | (35.8, 44.1) | 25.2 | 41.1 | (34.4, 47.8) | 25.9 | 40 | (31.4, 48.6) |
| Highest | 31.4 | 54.9 | (51.1, 58.7) | 20 | 45.7 | (38.1, 53.4) | 28.6 | 60.1 | (52, 68.3) |
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| Friends Smoke | |||||||||
| None | 42.3 | 14.4 | (12.1, 16.8) | 50.6 | 23.6 | (19.5, 27.7) | 43.8 | 21.8 | (16.2, 27.4) |
| Some | 48.8 | 45.9 | (42.9, 49) | 42.1 | 38.6 | (33.4, 43.7) | 46.5 | 51.3 | (44.8, 57.9) |
| Most | 8.7 | 83.6 | (78.2, 89) | 7.2 | 59.3 | (46.8, 71.9) | 9.8 | 76.6 | (64.5, 88.7) |
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| Parental Monitoring (Quartiles) | |||||||||
| Lowest | 16.4 | 56.7 | (51.4, 61.9) | 17.1 | 46.4 | (38.2, 54.7) | 15.4 | 62.2 | (51.1, 73.2) |
| 2nd | 28.3 | 35.8 | (31.9, 39.6) | 27.4 | 30.2 | (24.2, 36.2) | 24.7 | 46.2 | (37.3, 55.2) |
| 3rd | 17.2 | 34.1 | (29.2, 39) | 17.3 | 28.2 | (20.8, 35.6) | 18.7 | 38.9 | (28.8, 49) |
| Highest | 37.7 | 27.5 | (24.4, 30.6) | 37.9 | 29.3 | (24.2, 34.3) | 41.3 | 30.7 | (24.2, 37.1) |
Note: CI = confidence interval.