Table 1.
Characteristics of participating children and parents at baseline, Family-Based Hip-Hop to Health
| INTERVENTION | CONTROL | ALL | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | |
| CHILDREN | ||||||
| Female, n (%) | 72 | 38 (53%) | 74 | 35 (47%) | 146 | 73 (50%) |
| Race, n (%) | 72 | 74 | 146 | |||
| Latino | 69 (96%) | 68 (92%) | 137 (94%) | |||
| Black | 0 (0%) | 3 (4%) | 3 (2%) | |||
| Multiracial/other | 3 (4%) | 3 (4%) | 6 (4%) | |||
| Age, months | 72 | 53.7 (4.9) | 74 | 54.7 (5.1) | 146 | 54.2 (5.0) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 72 | 17.0 (1.9) | 74 | 16.9 (2.0) | 146 | 17.0 (2.0) |
| BMI Z score for age and sex | 72 | 0.96 (1.07) | 74 | 0.83 (0.97) | 146 | 0.90 (1.02) |
| BMI percentile for age and sex, n (%) | 72 | 74 | 146 | |||
| < 5th | 2 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 3 (2%) | |||
| 5th – < 85th | 37 (51%) | 39 (53%) | 76 (52%) | |||
| 85th – < 95th | 13 (18%) | 23 (31%) | 36 (25%) | |||
| ≥ 95th | 20 (28%) | 11 (15%) | 31 (21%) | |||
| Weight, kg | 72 | 19.2 (3.3) | 74 | 19.1 (3.4) | 146 | 19.1 (3.4) |
| Height, cm | 72 | 105.8 (5.3) | 74 | 106.0 (4.9) | 146 | 105.9 (5.1) |
| MVPA, min/day | 42 | 90.6 (24.9) | 28 | 98.8 (38.7) | 70 | 93.9 (31.2) |
| Percentage of time in sedentary behavior | 42 | 53.7 (6.0) | 28 | 53.4 (7.7) | 70 | 53.6 (6.7) |
| Counts/min | 42 | 610 (130) | 28 | 638 (177) | 70 | 621 (150) |
| TV viewing, hr/day | 60 | 2.0 (1.3) | 64 | 1.8 (1.4) | 124 | 1.9 (1.4) |
| Screen timea, hr/day | 60 | 3.2 (1.7) | 64 | 3.0 (1.6) | 124 | 3.1 (1.7) |
| Energy, kcal | 55 | 1340 (481) | 58 | 1366 (481) | 113 | 1353 (479) |
| Total fat, % kcal | 55 | 29.0 (8.2) | 58 | 33.4 (9.0) | 113 | 31.3 (8.9) |
| Fiber, g/1000 kcal | 55 | 9.0 (3.7) | 58 | 8.2 (3.8) | 113 | 8.6 (3.8) |
| Fruitb, servings/day | 55 | 0.7 (0.9) | 58 | 1.1 (1.2) | 113 | 0.9 (1.1) |
| 100% fruit juice, servings/day | 55 | 0.9 (1.2) | 58 | 1.2 (1.4) | 113 | 1.0 (1.3) |
| Vegetablesc, servings/day | 55 | 1.4 (1.5) | 58 | 1.1 (0.9) | 113 | 1.2 (1.2) |
| PARENTS | ||||||
| Relationship to childd, n (%) | 61 | 62 | 123 | |||
| Mother | 54 (89%) | 59 (95%) | 113 (92%) | |||
| Father | 5 (8%) | 3 (5%) | 8 (7%) | |||
| Grandparent/other | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | |||
| Female, n (%) | 72 | 63 (88%) | 70 | 64 (91%) | 142 | 127 (89%) |
| Age, years | 61 | 32.0 (6.2) | 62 | 33.6 (5.8) | 123 | 32.8 (6.0) |
| Education, years | 61 | 11.2 (2.3) | 62 | 11.3 (2.2) | 123 | 11.2 (2.2) |
| Income, $, median | 58 | 15,000 | 59 | 15,000 | 117 | 15,000 |
| Married or living with a partner, n (%) | 61 | 48 (79%) | 62 | 54 (87%) | 123 | 102 (83%) |
| Employed full-time, n (%) | 61 | 16 (26%) | 62 | 13 (21%) | 123 | 29 (24%) |
| Children < 18 in household | 61 | 2.6 (1.1) | 62 | 2.8 (1.1) | 123 | 2.7 (1.1) |
| Other adults in household | 61 | 1.5 (1.0) | 62 | 1.3 (0.9) | 123 | 1.4 (1.0) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 50 | 30.1 (5.8) | 47 | 30.5 (5.8) | 97 | 30.3 (5.7) |
| Weight, kg | 50 | 73.7 (17.2) | 47 | 74.0 (15.2) | 97 | 73.9 (16.2) |
| Height, cm | 50 | 156.1 (8.0) | 47 | 155.7 (5.4) | 97 | 155.9 (6.9) |
| BMI categoriese, n (%) | 50 | 47 | 97 | |||
| Underweight | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |||
| Normal weight | 12 (24%) | 9 (19%) | 21 (22%) | |||
| Overweight | 14 (28%) | 17 (36%) | 31 (32%) | |||
| Obese | 24 (48%) | 21 (45%) | 45 (46%) | |||
| MVPA, min/day | 30 | 33.0 (17.9) | 13 | 21.4 (12.7) | 43 | 29.5 (17.2) |
| MVPA in bouts ≥ 10 min, min/wk | 30 | 30.5 (43.3) | 13 | 13.4 (22.6) | 43 | 25.4 (38.8) |
| Percentage of time in sedentary behavior | 30 | 50.0 (7.8) | 13 | 54.2 (6.5) | 43 | 51.3 (7.6) |
| Counts/min | 30 | 406 (104) | 13 | 344 (86) | 43 | 387 (102) |
| TV viewing, hr/day | 60 | 1.9 (1.2) | 61 | 1.7 (1.1) | 121 | 1.8 (1.1) |
| Screen timea, hr/day | 60 | 3.4 (2.4) | 61 | 2.8 (1.6) | 121 | 3.1 (2.0) |
| Energy, kcal | 54 | 1809 (640) | 52 | 1446 (624) | 106 | 1631 (655) |
| Total fat, % kcal | 54 | 31.1 (8.1) | 52 | 33.7 (10.2) | 106 | 32.4 (9.2) |
| Fiber, g/1000 kcal | 54 | 11.1 (5.2) | 52 | 10.6 (4.8) | 106 | 10.8 (5.0) |
| Fruitb, servings/day | 54 | 1.0 (1.5) | 52 | 0.8 (1.1) | 106 | 0.9 (1.3) |
| 100% fruit juice, servings/day | 54 | 0.6 (1.4) | 52 | 0.4 (0.9) | 106 | 0.5 (1.2) |
| Vegetablesc, servings/day | 54 | 3.2 (2.7) | 52 | 2.2 (1.7) | 106 | 2.7 (2.3) |
| Latino parents only | ||||||
| Acculturationf | 61 | 2.0 (0.9) | 60 | 1.7 (1.1) | 121 | 1.8 (1.0) |
| Born in Mexico, no. (%) | 61 | 55 (90%) | 60 | 49 (82%) | 121 | 104 (86%) |
MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
a
Time spent watching television, DVDs or videos, playing video games, or using a computer.
b
Excludes juices, avocado, fried fruits, and fruit-based savory snacks.
c
Includes all NDS vegetable food groups and avocado.
d
Only one child per family is included.
e
Underweight: < 18.5 kg/m2, normal weight: 18.5-<25 kg/m2, overweight: 25-<30 kg/m2, obese: ≥30 kg/m2.
f
From 4-item Marin scale; scores can range from 1 (least acculturated) to 5 (most acculturated).