Table 5.

Ethnic difference in fat mass and fat-free mass adjusted for pre- and post-natal growth, gestational age and infant length at study visit

	South Asian–White
Infant characteristics included in each model	Fat mass (kg) difference (95% CI)	P-value	Fat-free mass (kg) difference (95% CI)	P-value
Sex, age and length at examination	0.07 (−0.09 to 0.23)	0.391	−0.20 (−0.36 to −0.04)	0.016
Sex, age and length at examination plus birthweight z-score	0.10 (−0.07 to 0.27)	0.235	−0.14 (−0.30 to 0.03)	0.109
Sex, age and length at examination plus gestational age	0.07 (−0.10 to 0.23)	0.423	−0.18 (−0.34 to −0.02)	0.029
Sex, age and length at examination plus birthweight z-score and gestational age	0.11 (−0.07 to 0.30)	0.219	−0.03 (−0.19 to 0.13)	0.679
Sex, age and length at examination plus conditional weight	0.00 (−0.10 to 0.10)	0.992	−0.25 (−0.38 to −0.12)	<0.001

Mixed-effects linear regression adjusted for infant age and sex. Birthweight for gestational age z-score was based on the British 1990 Growth Reference Charts (using LMSgrowth Excel add-in program from the Medical Research Council, UK, 2002). Conditional weight variable is based on the residuals from the regression of body weight (kg) on birthweight (kg) after adjustment for infant age and sex.