Long-term LA treatment down-regulates total HSL, ATGL, and perilipin transcripts. The effects of LA (250 μM) on total ATGL, HSL, and perilipin protein (A) and mRNA (B) levels were assessed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after 24 h of treatment. C–E: Effects of the JNK inhibitor SP600125 (SP), the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (PD), the PKA inhibitor H89, the AMPK activator AICAR, and the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 (LY) on ATGL (C), HSL (D), and Perilipin mRNA (E) levels in control and LA-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Data are expressed as mean ± SE of at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.01 vs. basal control (vehicle-treated cells). #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 vs. respective control. aP < 0.05 vs. basal LA-treated adipocytes.