Table 1.
Summary of psychosocial treatment studies for PTSD-SUD
| Citation | Sample | n | Treatment | Control group | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boden et al. [47] | Male veterans in VA SUD clinic | 98 | Seeking safety plus treatment as Usual | Treatment as usual | - No group differences in PTSD or alcohol use |
| - Seeking safety group decreased illicit drug use | |||||
| Brady et al. [56] | Treatment-seeking individuals | 39 | Concurrent treatment of PTSD and cocaine dependence | None | - Treatment gains in PTSD and cocaine use that were maintained at 6-months post-treatment |
| Donovan et al. [48] | Male veterans | 46 | Transcend | None | - Improvements in PTSD and SUD outcomes |
| Hien et al. [45] | Women recruited from community and clinical settings | 107 | Seeking safety | Relapse prevention | - Equal improvements in both conditions |
| Hien et al. [44•] | Women in community SUD treatment programs | 353 | Seeking safety | Women's health education | - Equal improvements in both conditions |
| Lynch et al. [43] | Incarcerated women | 114 | Seeking safety | Waitlist | - Seeking safety related to improvement in PTSD and depressive symptoms |
| McGovern et al. [50] | Individuals receiving intensive outpatient SUD treatment | 53 | Integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy (I-CBT) | Individual addiction counseling | - I-CBT related to greater improvements in PTSD and SUD outcomes |
| - PTSD symptoms severity did not differ between groups at 6-month follow-up | |||||
| Najavits et al. [58] | Male community sample | 5 | Seeking safety plus exposure therapy | None | - Improvements in PTSD and SUD |
| - Exposure rated as most useful treatment component by patients | |||||
| Norman et al. [42] | Male OIF/OEF veterans | 9 | Seeking safety | None | - Seeking safety related to improvement in PTSD and depressive symptoms |
| - 5 participants decreased number of drinking days | |||||
| Triffleman [54] | Primarily cocaine-abusing patients | 12 | Substance dependence PTSD therapy | 12-Step facilitation | - PTSD symptoms decreased during treatment for both groups |
| - Substance use decreased over follow-up | |||||
| Zlotnick et al. [46] | Incarcerated women | 49 | Seeking safety plus Treatment as usual | Treatment as usual | - Equal improvements in both conditions |