Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| MV only (n = 484) | NIV only (n = 118) | Both (n = 16) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) |
58 (41–76) |
76 (64–84) |
72 (62–81) |
| Male gender |
307 (63.4) |
64 (54.2) |
8 (50.0) |
| CTAS codesa |
|
|
|
| 1 |
326 (67.4) |
22 (18.6) |
5 (31.3) |
| 2 |
139 (28.7) |
87 (73.7) |
11 (68.8) |
| 3 |
19 (3.9) |
7 (5.9) |
– |
| Not reported |
– |
2 (1.7) |
– |
| Reason for mechanical ventilation |
|
|
|
| Trauma with head injury |
123 (25.4) |
2 (1.7) |
– |
| Primary neurologic disorder |
80 (16.5) |
2 (1.7) |
1 (6.3) |
| Cardiac/respiratory arrest |
61 (12.6) |
– |
1 (6.3) |
| Trauma (not including head) |
43 (8.9) |
– |
– |
| Overdose |
40 (8.3) |
1 (0.8) |
– |
| Pneumonia |
34 (7.0) |
12 (10.2) |
2 (12.5) |
| Acute respiratory failureb |
34 (7.0) |
19 (16.1) |
1 (6.3) |
| Heart failure |
12 (2.5) |
45 (38.1) |
4 (25.0) |
| Sepsis and septic shock |
29 (6.0) |
– |
2 (12.5) |
| COPD exacerbation |
7 (1.4) |
35 (29.7) |
4 (25.0) |
| NMD |
4 (0.8) |
– |
1 (6.3) |
| Asthma |
1 (0.2) |
2 (1.7) |
– |
| Other | 16 (3.3) | – | – |
All values are n (%) unless indicated.
CTAS = Canadian triage and acuity scale, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, NMD = neuromuscular disease, MV = mechanical ventilation (invasive), NIV = non-invasive ventilation.
aCTAS score of 1 represents a patient requiring immediate assessment and intervention, CTAS 2 patients have a maximal wait time for assessment by a physician of 15 min, and patients triaged as CTAS 3 require assessment within 30 min. [11].
bExcludes patients with pneumonia, COPD exacerbation and asthma.