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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2012 Sep 5;87(4-5):135–141. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2012.08.004

Figure 1. Oxidative metabolism of linoleic acid.

Figure 1

LA can be enzymatically or non-enzymatically converted to 9- and 13-HpODE, with subsequent enzymatic conversion to hydroxy (9- and 13-HODE) and ketone (9- and 13-oxoODE) derivatives. The initial step (A) can be catalyzed by 12/15-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, or cytochrome P450 enzymes. Abbreviations: LA: linoleic acid; LOX: lipoxygenase; COX: cyclooxygenase; HpODE; hydroperoxy-octadecadienoic acid; HODE: hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid; oxoODE: oxo-octadecadienoic acid.