Table 2.
Diet-induced reductions in circulating LA and its OXLAM products
| Variable | Baseline (Median) |
12-week (Median) |
% Change (Median) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diet (% of energy) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Dietary LA | 6.74 (5.54, 8.11) | 2.42 (2.09, 3.06) | −64.1 | p<0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Plasma OXLAMs (nM) | ||||
|
| ||||
| 9-HODE | 266 (209, 365) | 227 (182, 274) | −14.7 | p = 0.001 |
| 13-HODE | 268 (229, 376) | 243 (205, 294) | −9.5 | p < 0.001 |
| Total HODEs | 538 (442, 756) | 474 (385, 564) | −12.0 | p < 0.001 |
| 9-oxoODE | 169 (140, 229) | 146 (116, 203) | −13.8 | p = 0.01 |
| 13-oxoODE | 265 (213, 351) | 204 (155, 273) | −23.2 | p < 0.001 |
| Total oxoODEs | 431 (353, 555) | 352 (265, 478) | −18.3 | p < 0.001 |
| Total OXLAMs | 979 (823, 1310) | 851 (693, 1007) | −13.1 | p < 0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Concentration of LA in plasma fatty acid pools (nmol/ml) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Total plasma LA | 3075 (2622, 3357) | 2615 (2249, 3038) | −14.9 | p < 0.001 |
| Phospholipid-LA | 813 (726, 941) | 675 (593, 795) | −17.0 | p < 0.001 |
| Triglyceride-LA | 567 (337, 749) | 395 (293, 548) | −30.3 | p < 0.001 |
| Cholesteryl ester-LA | 1592 (1429, 1816) | 1440 (1191, 1665) | −9.6 | p = 0.002 |
| Free fatty acid-LA | 58 (36, 81) | 53 (42, 69) | −9.4 | p = 0.35 |
|
| ||||
| Relative abundance of LA in circulating fatty acid pools (%Composition) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Phospholipid-LA | 22.5 (20.9, 24.9) | 20.0 (18.0, 21.7) | −11.2 | p < 0.001 |
| Triglyceride-LA | 20.6 (17.1, 24.1) | 17.3 (14.8, 19.6) | −16.0 | p < 0.001 |
| Cholesteryl ester-LA | 55.5 (52.6, 58.5) | 50.5 (46.7, 52.9) | −9.1 | p < 0.001 |
| Free fatty acid-LA | 16.0 (14.0, 18.0) | 15.2 (13.6, 16.4) | −5.2 | p < 0.001 |
| Erythrocyte-LA | 12.0 (11.0, 12.7) | 10.3 (9.3, 11.0) | −14.5 | p < 0.001 |
Pre-to-post comparisons of dietary LA (n=55), plasma OXLAMs (n=55), LA fractions (n=55), and erythrocytes (n=52) were analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test for matched pairs. Blood collection was unsuccessful for one subject. Erythrocytes were not collected on four subjects. Abbreviations: LA: linoleic acid; OXLAMs: oxidized linoleic acid metabolites; HODE: hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid; oxoODE: oxo-octadecadenoic acid.