Table 3.
Prevalence and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) of Single-Drug Use and Polydrug Use by Driver and Crash Characteristics for Fatally Injured Drivers who Died within One Hour of the Crash, Selected States, United States, 2005–2009
| Characteristic | No. of Driversa |
Positive for One Drugb |
Positive for Two or More Drugsb |
Positive in Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | ||
| Age (in years) | ||||
| <25 | 4977 | 37.5 (36.2–38.9) | 20.1 (19.0–21.2) | 57.6 (56.3–59.0) |
| 25-34 | 4217 | 44.0 (42.5–45.5) | 24.1 (22.9–25.5) | 68.2 (66.7–69.6) |
| 35-44 | 3554 | 41.6 (36.2–38.9) | 22.7 (21.3–24.2) | 64.3 (62.7–65.9) |
| 45-54 | 3273 | 37.2 (35.5–38.9) | 22.3 (20.9–23.8) | 59.5 (57.8–61.2) |
| 55-64 | 2138 | 31.0 (29.1–33.0) | 14.7 (13.3–16.3) | 45.7 (43.6–47.9) |
| ≥ 65 | 1985 | 23.2 (21.3–25.1) | 6.5 (5.5–7.7) | 29.7 (27.7–31.8) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 4418 | 29.6 (28.3–31.0) | 17.9 (16.7–19.0) | 47.5 (46.0–49.0) |
| Male | 15,731 | 39.7 (38.9–40.4) | 20.4 (19.8–21.1) | 60.1 (59.3–60.8) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 14,819 | 37.4 (36.6–38.1) | 20.9 (20.2–21.5) | 58.2 (57.4–59.0) |
| Black | 1410 | 39.5 (36.9–42.1) | 18.0 (16.0–20.1) | 57.5 (54.9–60.1) |
| Asian | 497 | 25.3 (21.6–29.4) | 7.2 (5.1–9.9) | 32.6 (28.5–36.9) |
| Native American | 209 | 37.8 (31.2–44.7) | 45.9 (39.0–52.9) | 83.7 (78.0–88.5) |
| Other | 128 | 39.8 (31.3–48.9) | 13.3 (7.9–20.4) | 53.1 (44.1–62.0) |
| Unknown | 3087 | 38.9 (37.2–40.7) | 16.4 (15.1–17.8) | 55.3 (53.6–57.1) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 2313 | 40.5 (38.4–42.5) | 17.3 (15.7–18.9) | 57.7 (55.7–59.7) |
| Non-Hispanic | 14,432 | 36.6 (35.8–37.4) | 21.1 (20.4–21.8) | 57.7 (56.8–58.5) |
| Unknown | 3405 | 39.2 (37.6–41.0) | 16.4 (15.1–17.6) | 55.6 (53.9–57.3) |
| Driver Type | ||||
| Motor carrier | 398 | 20.4 (16.5–24.6) | 6.5 (4.3–9.4) | 26.9 (22.6–31.5) |
| Non-motor carrier |
19,752 | 37.8 (37.1–38.5) | 20.1 (19.6–20.7) | 57.9 (57.2–58.6) |
| Number of Vehicles Involved | ||||
| 1 | 15,122 | 41.1 (40.3–41.9) | 22.8 (22.1–23.5) | 63.9 (63.1–64.7) |
| ≥ 2 | 5028 | 26.5 (25.3–27.7) | 11.1 (10.2–12.0) | 37.5 (36.2–38.9) |
| DWI conviction within the Prior 3 years | ||||
| No | 18,885 | 36.7 (36.0–37.4) | 19.0 (18.4–19.6) | 55.7 (55.0–56.4) |
| Yes | 876 | 51.9 (48.6–55.3) | 38.4 (35.1–41.7) | 90.3 (88.1–92.2) |
| Crash within the Prior 3 years | ||||
| No | 15,450 | 36.7 (36.0–37.5) | 17.3 (16.7–17.9) | 54.1 (53.2–54.9) |
| Yes | 3041 | 38.3 (36.6–40.1) | 22.3 (20.8–23.8) | 60.6 (58.8–62.3) |
| Blood Alcohol Concentration (in g/dL) | ||||
| 0.00 | 11,977 | 19.8 (19.1–20.5) | 8.7 (8.2–9.2) | 28.5 (27.7–29.3) |
| 0.01-0.07 | 1079 | 59.0 (56.0–62.0) | 41.0 (38.0–44.0) | 100 |
| ≥ 0.08 | 7015 | 64.3 (63.2–65.5) | 35.7 (34.5–36.8) | 100 |
| Day of Crash | ||||
| Friday-Sunday | 10,126 | 41.7 (40.7–42.6) | 20.6 (19.9–21.4) | 62.3 (61.4–63.3) |
| Monday-Thursday | 10,024 | 33.2 (32.3–34.2) | 19.1 (18.3–19.8) | 52.3 (51.3–53.3) |
| Time of Crash | ||||
| Day (7:00 am and 6:59 pm) |
9755 | 28.2 (27.3–29.1) | 14.8 (14.1–15.5) | 43.0 (42.0–44.0) |
| Night (7:00 pm and 6:59 am) |
10,091 | 46.0 (45.1–47.0) | 24.4 (23.6–25.3) | 70.4 (69.5–71.3) |
| Year of Crash | ||||
| 2005 | 4133 | 36.8 (35.4–38.3) | 19.8 (18.6–21.0) | 56.6 (55.1–58.1) |
| 2006 | 4368 | 37.3 (35.9–38.8) | 18.7 (17.6–19.9) | 56.0 (54.6–57.5) |
| 2007 | 4337 | 38.1 (36.7–39.6) | 19.2 (18.1–20.4) | 57.3 (55.9–58.8) |
| 2008 | 3960 | 37.6 (36.1–39.1) | 20.1 (18.9–21.4) | 57.7 (56.1–59.2) |
| 2009 | 3352 | 37.4 (35.8–39.1) | 22.0 (20.6–23.4) | 59.4 (57.7–61.1) |
| Survival Time After Crash Death | ||||
| Instantly | 9968 | 37.9 (37.0–38.9) | 20.2 (19.4–21.0) | 58.1 (57.2–59.1) |
| 1-59 minutes | 10,182 | 37.0 (36.1–38.0) | 19.5 (18.7–20.3) | 56.5 (55.6–57.5) |
| Death Location | ||||
| At scene | 16,180 | 37.9 (37.1–38.6) | 20.7 (20.0–21.3) | 58.5 (57.8–59.3) |
| En route | 163 | 35.6 (28.3–43.4) | 16.0 (10.7–22.5) | 51.5 (43.6–59.4) |
| Other | 3801 | 35.8 (34.3–37.4) | 16.6 (15.5–17.8) | 52.4 (50.8–54.0) |
a
Totals vary due to missing data.
b
Alcohol is treated as a drug.