Table 2.
Biomechanical analysis: after 12 weeks, biomechanical analysis was performed to measure range of motion (ROM), neutral (NZ) and elastic zone (EZ) for the different test modes
| Test modes (degrees) | Group 1 (n=8) cage + PDLLA | Group 2 (n=8) cage + PDLLA + IGF-I (0.5%) + TGF-β1 (2.5%) | Group 3 (n=8) cage + PDLLA + IGF-I (1%) + TGF-β1 (5%) | Group 4 (n=8) cage + PDLLA + IGF-I (2%) + TGF-β1 (10%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flexion | ||||
| ROM | 3.0±0.9 | 2.9±1.0 | 2.9±1.2 | 2.7±1.0 |
| NZ | 0.5±0.7 | 0.5±0.7 | 0.7±0.7 | 0.6±0.5 |
| EZ | 2.5±0.9 | 2.4±0.9 | 2.3±0.8 | 2.1±0.8 |
| Extension | ||||
| ROM | 3.3±1.2 | 3.0±1.1 | 2.2±0.7a | 2.2±0.8a |
| NZ | 1.4±1.0 | 1.1±0.6 | 0.6±0.5 | 0.5±0.6 |
| EZ | 1.9±0.3 | 1.9±0.6 | 1.6±0.3 | 1.7±0.5 |
| Right rotation | ||||
| ROM | 2.4±0.8 | 2.0±0.3 | 1.4±0.3a,b | 1.2±0.4a,b |
| NZ | 0.4±0.3 | 0.4±0.3 | 0.2±0.1a,b | 0.2±0.1a,b |
| EZ | 2.0±0.6 | 1.6±0.3 | 1.2±0.3a,b | 1.0±0.3a,b |
| Left rotation | ||||
| ROM | 2.3±0.5 | 1.9±0.5 | 1.5±0.4a,b | 1.2±0.4a,b |
| NZ | 0.3±0.1 | 0.3±0.1 | 0.2±0.1a,b | 0.2±0.1a,b |
| EZ | 2.0±0.5 | 1.8±0.5 | 1.3±0.3a,b | 1.0±0.4a,b |
| Right bending | ||||
| ROM | 4.1±1.0 | 3.2±0.7 | 2.5±0.7a,b | 2.4±0.6a,b |
| NZ | 0.7±0.4 | 0.6±0.3 | 0.6±0.3a | 0.5±0.3a |
| EZ | 3.4±0.9 | 2.8±0.8 | 1.9±0.7a | 1.9±0.6a |
| Left bending | ||||
| ROM | 4.2±0.7 | 3.3±0.6 | 2.5±0.8a,b | 2.3±0.7a,b |
| NZ | 0.8±0.7 | 0.8±0.3 | 0.5±0.4a | 0.4±0.2a |
| EZ | 3.4±0.8 | 2.5±0.5 | 2.0±0.5a | 1.9±0.7a |
aP<0.05 in comparison to group 1
bP<0.05 in comparison to group 2