Table 1.
Demographic data of sample
| Variables | Visit 1 | Visit 3 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 118 | 85 | |
| Age | 74 (68–79) | 73 (68–78) | NS |
| BMI | 28.06 (25.82–31.14) | 28.37 (26.57–31.14) | NS |
| Smoking status | |||
| Current smoker | 60 (50.85%) | 27 (31.76%) | <0.05 |
| Ex-smoker | 58 (49.15%) | 58 (68.24%) | <0.05 |
| Cough | 91 (77.12%) | 70 (82.35%) | NS |
| Sputum production | 89 (75.42%) | 67 (78.82%) | NS |
| Wheezing | 67 (56.78%) | 44 (51.76%) | NS |
| Dyspnea | 114 (96.61%) | 81 (95.29%) | NS |
| MRC | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–1) | NS |
| FEV1 (%pred) | 59.13 (±15.61) | 62.58 (±18.67) | NS |
| FVC (%pred) | 71.17 (±15.44) | 70.58 (±17.06) | NS |
| FEV1/FVC | 65.45 (56.03–69.93)* | 68.40 (61.90–69.79)* | <0.05 |
| PEF (%pred) | 55.06 (±18.41) | 57.76 (±20.96) | NS |
| FEF25–75 (%pred) | 36.00 (23.75–47.00) | 40.00 (26.50–55.00) | NS |
| Average number of exacerbations | – | 1 (1–2) | NS |
| Adherence with treatment | – | 58 (68.24%) | NS |
| Hospital admissions | – | 18 (21.18%) | NS |
| Hospitalizations | – | 6 (7.06%) | NS |
| Number of deaths | – | 16 | |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; MRC, Medical Research Council; NS, not statistically significant; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1/FVC, FEV1 to FVC ratio; PEF, peak expiratory flow; FEF25–75, mid forced expiratory flow; %pred, percent predicted.