Inhibition of TNF-α-induced CD38 expression in HASM cells by miR-140-3p mimic. Mimics of miR-140-3p (140 mimic) or antagomirs for the microRNA (miRNA) were transiently transfected into NAASM and AASM cells, and CD38 mRNA expression and ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity were determined. A: transient transfection of NAASM cells with miR-140-3p mimic oligonucleotide resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in miR-140-3p expression (n = 3). B: transfection of miR-140-3p mimics in NAASM cells resulted in a concentration-dependent attenuation of TNF-α-induced CD38 mRNA expression, although the relationship between mimic concentration and CD38 expression was not linear (n = 3). *P < 0.05, all concentrations vs. control oligonucleotide (Cont oligo). C: in NAASM cells transiently transfected with miR-140-3p mimic oligonucleotides, ADP-riboysl cyclase activity was significantly attenuated at higher concentrations of the mimic (n = 3). *P < 0.05 vs. Cont oligo. D: when NAASM and AASM cells were transiently transfected with 50 nM control oligonucleotide or miR-140-3p mimic oligonucleotide, CD38 mRNA expression was comparably attenuated in both groups of cells (n = 2). *P < 0.05. E: TNF-α-induced ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity was attenuated to a comparable magnitude in NAASM and AASM cells in the presence of miR-140-3p mimic oligonucleotides (n = 3). Basal [control (C)] and TNF-α-induced (T) ADP-ribosyl cyclase activities were unaltered in NAASM or AASM cells transiently transfected with miR-140-3p antagomir oligonucleotides (n = 3). *P < 0.05 vs. Cont oligo(T).