HET-1A cells were exposed 7 times to pH 5 for 0–16 min over a 48-h period. mRNA levels, obtained by real-time PCR, are shown as a function of duration of individual exposure to pH 5. mRNA increase was maximal for repeated 12-min exposures. Increasing exposure duration to 16 min did not measurably increase mRNA. For simplicity, data are shown only for TRPV1, IL-8, and eotaxin-1. Values are means ± SE; n = 3 for 3 different sets of data from 3 separate experiments. *Significantly different from control (P < 0.05).