Table 1. Characteristics of ZDF and lean control rats at 10 and 25 weeks of age.

	10 weeks		25 weeks
	Lean (n = 7)	ZDF (n = 7)	Lean (n = 7)	ZDF (n = 7)
Body weight (g)	246±5	342±5***	393±4	427±20
Left kidney weight (mg)	-	-	1263±29	2154±47***
Right kidney weight (mg)	-	-	1335±42	2199±74***
Hemodynamic parameters
Aorta HR (bpm)	-	-	261±9	226±14
Aorta SBP (mmHg)	-	-	117±4	124±4
Metabolic parameters
Glucose (mmol/L)	7.76±0.24	12.33±2.4	9.6±0.42	23.9±1.72***
Hb1Ac (%)	3.51±0.03	5.37±0.25***	3.57±0.04	9.54±0.16***
Insulin (ng/mL)	29.1±2.6	243.3±34.6***	28.3±3.3	28.5±4.0
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	<3.88	4.03±0.08	4.01±0.13	7.33±0.19***
Urinary parameters
Albumin (mg/24 h)	2.8±0.6	33.3±12.1*	1.9±0.5	77.4±15.7**
Glucose (category 0–7)	0.0±0.0	3.0±0.9*	0.0±0.0	>7.0
MDA:Creatinine	3.22±0.27	4.14±0.86	1.74±1.99	4.44±1.03*
24-h Urine volume (mL)	6.7±0.5	20.8±7.1	11.4±1.3	74.8±8.2***

Abbreviations: HR, heart rate; bpm, beats per minute; SBP, systolic blood pressure; MDA, malondialdehyde.

Data are means ± SEMs (*p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 vs. lean of same age; t-test).