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Dose-response curve of the early phase in intrathecal and intraperitoneal injection group respective. Each point showed the mean ± SE and non-significant difference between control and intrathecal injection group but significant dose-dependent decreases of flinches in intraperitoneal injection group. IT: intrathecal injection, IP: intraperitoneal injection. *P < 0.05, intraperitoneal injection compared with the control group.
