Table 2.

Th cell-related cytokine changes of RA patients compared with healthy control.

Cytokine	RA (n = 76)	Control (n = 18)	Z	P
TGF-β	159.9 ± 13.2	156.0 ± 6.4	1.8	0.078
IL-17A	48.7 ± 20.2∗	32.5 ± 7.1	4.2	<0.001
IFN-γ	5.4 ± 3.2∗	3.6 ± 0.7	3.4	0.001
TNF-α	4.9 ± 4.3∗	3.5 ± 0.8	3.7	<0.001
IL-10	7.1 ± 3.4∗	5.1 ± 2.3	4.0	<0.001
IL-6	15.8 ± 42.1∗	6.8 ± 3.2	4.3	<0.001
IL-4	14.6 ± 5.0∗	10.9 ± 2.0	4.3	<0.001
IL-2	14.4 ± 4.6∗	11.1 ± 1.4	4.7	<0.001

Values are expressed as median ± interquartile range; the differences between RA and control groups were assessed by Wilcoxon test; ^∗P values less than 0.001 were considered significant.