TABLE 4.
Predictors of cluster membership†
| Cluster | High BP | Low HDL-C | Insulin resistant | High CRP | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | |
| Age group | ||||||||
| >45 y | (Reference) | |||||||
| 45–49 y | 2.01 (1.33, 3.04) | 0.001 | 1.12 (0.83, 1.52) | 0.453 | 1.02 (0.53, 1.97) | 0.956 | 1.06 (0.70, 1.61) | 0.776 |
| 50–54 y | 3.57 (2.10, 6.07) | 0.000 | 1.22 (0.79, 1.88) | 0.372 | 2.18 (0.99, 4.79) | 0.053 | 1.42 (0.82, 2.49) | 0.214 |
| ≥55 y | 4.60 (2.50, 8.46) | 0.000 | 0.97 (0.58, 1.64) | 0.912 | 2.45 (0.95, 6.29) | 0.063 | 1.42 (0.73, 2.75) | 0.298 |
| Postmenopausal status | 0.85 (0.55, 1.31) | 0.455 | 0.63 (0.44, 0.91) | 0.014 | 0.86 (0.44, 1.71) | 0.677 | 1.19 (0.75, 1.88) | 0.475 |
| Not OW‡ and not high WC§ | (Reference) | |||||||
| OW only | 1.52 (0.88, 2.62) | 0.136 | 0.71 (0.48, 1.04) | 0.080 | 1.20 (0.44, 3.22) | 0.723 | 2.26 (1.24, 4.11) | 0.007 |
| High WC only | 2.56 (1.20, 5.46) | 0.015 | 0.88 (0.45, 1.74) | 0.719 | 4.05 (1.39, 11.81) | 0.011 | 2.11 (0.77, 5.77) | 0.146 |
| OW and high WC | 4.67 (3.23, 6.75) | 0.000 | 1.24 (0.93, 1.64) | 0.131 | 4.59 (2.48, 8.49) | 0.000 | 6.85 (4.44, 10.56) | 0.000 |
| Level of energy expenditure at work | ||||||||
| Not working | 2.17 (1.02, 4.61) | 0.044 | 1.09 (0.63, 1.91) | 0.754 | 0.80 (0.31, 2.06) | 0.638 | 1.10 (0.53, 2.29) | 0.793 |
| Level 1 | (Reference) | |||||||
| Level 2 | 1.51 (0.74, 3.09) | 0.256 | 1.00 (0.60, 1.68) | 0.998 | 0.60 (0.25, 1.44) | 0.252 | 1.04 (0.53, 2.03) | 0.918 |
| Level 3 or 4 | 1.84 (0.86, 3.95) | 0.115 | 1.28 (0.74, 2.23) | 0.377 | 0.86 (0.33, 2.26) | 0.764 | 1.05 (0.50, 2.21) | 0.891 |
| Energy¶ | 1.04 (0.76, 1.43) | 0.811 | 0.70 (0.53, 0.93) | 0.014 | 1.04 (0.64, 1.71) | 0.868 | 0.98 (0.70, 1.38) | 0.928 |
| Saturated fat residual | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) | 0.802 | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | 0.014 | 0.99 (0.95, 1.03) | 0.551 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) | 0.861 |
| Cigarette smoking | 1.37 (0.88, 2.13) | 0.163 | 1.28 (0.89, 1.83) | 0.181 | 1.68 (0.84, 3.35) | 0.144 | 2.19 (1.39, 3.45) | 0.001 |
| Alcohol drinking | 0.79 (0.58, 1.07) | 0.126 | 0.68 (0.53, 0.88) | 0.003 | 0.57 (0.34, 0.95) | 0.030 | 0.71 (0.50, 0.99) | 0.042 |
| Hygiene score | 0.94 (0.83, 1.07) | 0.353 | 1.08 (0.98, 1.21) | 0.132 | 0.89 (0.72, 1.09) | 0.248 | 0.89 (0.78, 1.03) | 0.107 |
| SES factor score | 0.90 (0.78, 1.05) | 0.195 | 0.75 (0.66, 0.85) | 0.000 | 1.09 (0.86, 1.37) | 0.478 | 1.04 (0.89, 1.23) | 0.590 |
†
The “healthy cluster” is the referent outcome
‡
Overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2)
§
High waist circumference
¶
Energy intake was scaled when imputed in the multinomial logistic regression to ease interpretation; units were kJ/1000