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Schematic of GLP-2 activation pathways in enteric neurons. GLP-2 binds to the G protein-coupled receptor, which activates the PI3Kγ moiety, leading to phosphorylation of Akt and downstream stimulation of the mTOR and ERK pathways, which leads to the observed increase in neuronal VIP expression. PIP3, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate; PDK-1, phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex.
