Table 5.
Biochemical data
| WT |
G6PD Deficient |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Starch | Fructose | DIO | Starch | Fructose | DIO |
| 12 wk | ||||||
| Liver | ||||||
| MDA + 4HA, pmol/mg protein | 276 ± 21 | 262 ± 20 | 257 ± 20 | 264 ± 21 | 219 ± 20 | 273 ± 20 |
| Aconitase activity, mmol·gww−1·min−1 | 2.99 ± 0.19 | 3.10 ± 0.22 | 3.28 ± 0.28 | 2.73 ± 0.15 | 3.43 ± 0.33 | 2.77 ± 0.29 |
| CS activity, μmol·gww−1·min−1 | 33.8 ± 2.5 | 45.4 ± 4.0 | 32.8 ± 3.8 | 34.3 ± 2.0 | 49.1 ± 6.6† | 36.5 ± 4.4 |
| GAPDH activity, AU/g protein | 132 ± 25 | 183 ± 85 | 632 ± 127‡† | 1010 ± 167* | 437 ± 253† | 742 ± 129 |
| PKC activity, ng·ml−1·min−1 | 1.85 ± 0.02 | 1.73 ± 0.01† | 1.73 ± 0.02† | 1.75 ± 0.02* | 1.76 ± 0.02 | 1.73 ± 0.02 |
| Caspase 3 activity, AU/g | 230 ± 15 | 262 ± 16 | 241 ± 14 | 263 ± 14 | 235 ± 14 | 203 ± 14† |
| Skeletal muscle | ||||||
| MDA +4HA, pmol/mg protein | 2.42 ± 0.62 | 1.39 ± 0.39 | 2.82 ± 0.44 | 2.98 ± 0.81 | 3.18 ± 0.83 | 4.83 ± 1.86* |
| Aconitase activity, mmol·gww−1·min−1 | 1.30 ± 0.14 | 1.45 ± 0.14 | 1.57 ± 0.14 | 1.22 ± 0.14 | 1.26 ± 0.14 | 1.18 ± 0.14 |
| CS activity, μmol·gww−1·min−1 | 14.8 ± 1.1 | 15.5 ± 1.1 | 19.2 ± 1.2 | 14.5 ± 1.1 | 15.1 ± 1.1 | 15.5 ± 1.1 |
| Left ventricle | ||||||
| MDA + 4HA, pmol/mg protein | 1768 ± 479 | 2690 ± 455 | 1623 ± 455 | 1939 ± 455 | 2962 ± 455 | 2306 ± 455 |
| Aconitase activity, mmol·gww−1·min−1 | 10.7 ± 2.0 | 10.2 ± 2.3 | 13.7 ± 2.0 | 11.5 ± 2.0 | 12.7 ± 2.5 | 14.7 ± 1.9 |
| CS activity, μmol·gww−1·min−1 | 157 ± 12 | 150 ± 12 | 198 ± 12 | 173 ± 12 | 186 ± 13 | 176 ± 14 |
| Sorbitol, nmol/ml | 19.6 ± 2.9 | 26.2 ± 2.7 | 34.9 ± 2.9† | 21.6 ± 3.8 | 32.9 ± 2.5† | 21.8 ± 2.9*‡ |
| PKC activity, ng·ml−1·min−1 | 1.93 ± 0.16 | 1.33 ± 0.16† | 2.20 ± 0.20‡ | 1.68 ± 0.16 | 2.23 ± 0.13*† | 2.13 ± 0.20 |
| Caspase 3 activity, AU/g | 138 ± 7 | 134 ± 7 | 142 ± 6 | 140 ± 8 | 147 ± 6 | 158 ± 8 |
| 31 wk | ||||||
| Liver | ||||||
| MDA + 4HA, pmol/mg protein | 328 ± 16 | 252 ± 17† | 336 ± 17‡ | 315 ± 19 | 309 ± 19* | 292 ± 19 |
| Aconitase activity, mmol·gww−1·min−1 | 3.30 ± 0.40 | 3.12 ± 0.40 | 3.15 ± 0.96 | 3.19 ± 0.26 | 2.86 ± 0.22 | 3.08 ± 0.18 |
| CS activity, μmol·gww−1·min−1 | 34.1 ± 5.3 | 39.8 ± 5.5 | 43.4 ± 15.6 | 30.7 ± 3.4 | 42.4 ± 7.8 | 34.9 ± 1.1 |
| GAPDH activity, AU/g protein | 0.087 ± 5 | 1.213 ± 89† | 0.086 ± 4‡ | 0.096 ± 15 | 0.078 ± 7* | 0.087 ± 10 |
| PKC activity, ng·ml−1·min−1 | 1.78 ± 0.04 | 1.75 ± 0.01 | 1.75 ± 0.02 | 1.75 ± 0.03 | 1.91 ± 0.01 | 1.89 ± 0.01 |
| Caspase 3 activity, AU/g | 242 ± 10 | 241 ± 9 | 259 ± 10 | 217 ± 12 | 203 ± 9* | 200 ± 13* |
| Skeletal muscle | ||||||
| MDA + 4HA, pmol/mg protein | 3.32 ± 1.05 | 3.28 ± 1.17 | 5.30 ± 1.05 | 4.84 ± 1.25 | 3.91 ± 1.10 | 2.44 ± 1.25 |
| CS activity, μmol·gww−1·min−1 | 12.5 ± 1.1 | 12.3 ± 1.3 | 11.2 ± 1.3 | 13.7 ± 1.4 | 14.2 ± 1.2 | 14.3 ± 1.4 |
| Left ventricle | ||||||
| MDA + 4HA, pmol/mg protein | 1167 ± 227 | 1299 ± 254 | 920 ± 227 | 1293 ± 271 | 1573 ± 239 | 830 ± 271 |
| CS activity, μmol·gww−1·min−1 | 130 ± 12 | 146 ± 13 | 179 ± 12† | 179 ± 14* | 154 ± 12 | 146 ± 15 |
| Sorbitol, nmol/ml | 26.1 ± 3.1 | 31.1 ± 2.6 | 29.0 ± 2.8 | 27.6 ± 3.1 | 31.8 ± 2.6 | 33.9 ± 2.8 |
| PKC activity, ng·ml−1·min−1 | 2.17 ± 0.26 | 2.61 ± 0.23 | 2.45 ± 0.20 | 1.87 ± 0.23 | 2.73 ± 0.23† | 2.51 ± 0.23 |
| Caspase 3 activity, AU/g | 156 ± 23 | 160 ± 19 | 189 ± 21 | 227 ± 23* | 245 ± 23* | 254 ± 23* |
Values are means ± SE.
*
P < 0.05 vs. WT within dietary treatment group;
†
P < 0.05 vs. starch within mouse strain;
‡
P < 0.05 vs. fructose within mouse strain; n = 4–10/group. 4HA, 4-hydroxyalkenals; AU, arbitrary units; CS, citrate synthase activity; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; MDA, malondialdehyde; PKC, protein kinase C.