Appendix D.
Comparison of baseline covariates between CHF patients in the EFFECT Baseline sample and the EFFECT Follow-up sample
| Variable | EFFECT Baseline sample (N = 8240) | EFFECT Follow-up sample (N = 7608) | p- value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Death within 30 days of admission | 887 (10.8%) | 755 (9.9%) | 0.083 |
| Age | 77.0 (70.0–84.0) | 79.0 (70.0–85.0) | <.001 |
| Female sex | 4157 (50.4%) | 3886 (51.1%) | 0.429 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 146.0 (126.0–170.0) | 144.0 (124.0–167.5) | <.001 |
| Heart rate | 92.0 (76.0–110.0) | 90.0 (73.0–109.0) | <.001 |
| Respiratory rate | 24.0 (20.0–30.0) | 24.0 (20.0–28.0) | <.001 |
| Neck vein distension | 4517 (54.8%) | 4596 (60.4%) | <.001 |
| S3 | 785 (9.5%) | 466 (6.1%) | <.001 |
| S4 | 302 (3.7%) | 201 (2.6%) | <.001 |
| Rales >50% of lung field | 903 (11.0%) | 972 (12.8%) | <.001 |
| Pulmonary edema | 4218 (51.2%) | 4603 (60.5%) | <.001 |
| Cardiomegaly | 2944 (35.7%) | 3372 (44.3%) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 2874 (34.9%) | 2858 (37.6%) | <.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease/TIA | 1374 (16.7%) | 1401 (18.4%) | 0.004 |
| Previous AMI | 3021 (36.7%) | 2774 (36.5%) | 0.793 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2403 (29.2%) | 2714 (35.7%) | <.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1082 (13.1%) | 1026 (13.5%) | 0.511 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1405 (17.1%) | 1747 (23.0%) | <.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 63 (0.8%) | 55 (0.7%) | 0.761 |
| Cancer | 950 (11.5%) | 880 (11.6%) | 0.941 |
| Left bundle branch block | 1232 (15.0%) | 1033 (13.6%) | 0.014 |
| Hemoglobin | 124.0 (110.0–138.0) | 123.0 (109.0–137.0) | 0.001 |
| White blood count | 9.0 (7.1–11.6) | 8.9 (7.0–11.5) | 0.062 |
| Sodium | 139.0 (136.0–141.0) | 139.0 (136.0–142.0) | 0.028 |
| Potassium | 4.2 (3.9–4.6) | 4.2 (3.9–4.6) | 0.105 |
| Glucose | 7.5 (6.1–10.7) | 7.3 (6.0–10.1) | <.001 |
| Urea | 8.4 (6.1–12.4) | 8.4 (6.2–12.2) | 0.635 |
Note: Continuous variables are reported as median (25th percentile–75th percentile); dichotomous variables are reported as N (%).
The Kruskal–Wallis test and the Chi-squared test were used to compare continuous and categorical baseline characteristics, respectively, between patients in the EFFECT Baseline sample and the EFFECT Follow-up sample.