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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cogn Emot. 2012 Jul 9;27(1):63–84. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2012.689758

Table 4.

Interactions between Cognitive Styles, Brooding, and Behavioral Approach System Group Predicting Depressive Symptoms at Follow-Up, Controlling for Time 1 Depressive Symptoms

Step Variable β t ΔR2
Model 1 – Dysfunctional Attitudes as Focal Predictor
1 BDI (Time 1) 0.46 5.88*** .32***
2 RRS-BR 0.14 1.54 .02
BAS 0.01 0.13
DAS −0.05 −0.51
3 DAS × RRS-BR 0.27 3.18** .03
BAS × RRS-BR 0.03 0.32
BAS × DAS −0.08 0.83
4 DAS × RRS-BR × BAS −0.21 −2.25* .02*
Model 2 – Self-Criticism as Focal Predictor
1 BDI (Time 1) 0.35 4.33*** .32***
2 RRS-BR 0.05 0.46 .04*
BAS −0.02 −0.26
DEQ SC 0.13 1.18
3 DEQ SC × RRS-BR 0.26 3.28*** .06**
BAS × RRS-BR −0.04 −0.41
BAS × DEQ SC 0.12 1.19
4 DEQ SC × RRS-BR × BAS −0.07 −0.73 <.01
Model 3 – Neediness as Focal Predictor
1 BDI (Time 1) 0.49 6.52*** .32***
2 RRS-BR 0.03 0.28 .02
BAS −0.03 −0.48
DEQ N 0.11 1.07
3 DEQ N × RRS-BR 0.25 2.57* .04*
BAS × RRS-BR 0.04 0.47
BAS × DEQ N −0.08 −0.76
4 DEQ N × RRS-BR × BAS −0.07 −0.74 <.01
*

p < .05;

**

p < .01;

***

p < .001.

Note. BDI - T1 = Beck Depression Inventory Score at Time 1; RRS-BR = Ruminative Response Scale - Brooding Subscale; BAS = Behavioral Approach System Risk Group (0 = High-BAS, 1 = Moderate-BAS); DAS Total = Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale - Total Score; DEQ SC = Depressive Experiences Questionnaire - Self-Criticism Subscale; DEQ N = Depressive Experiences Questionnaire - Neediness Subscale.