Table 2.
Adaptive Skills and Activities 36 Months After Injury
| |
Mean at montha |
Change 0–36 months |
Change 24–36 months |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 3 | 12 | 24 | 36 | Δ | 95% CI | Adjusted net differenceb | 95% CI | Δ | 95% CI | Adjusted net differenceb | 95% CI | |
| ABAS Communication | |||||||||||||
| Total no. | 887 | 864 | 812 | 777 | 769 | ||||||||
| Arm injury | 10.7 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 0.3 | −0.1,0.7 | ref | 0.1 | −0.2,0.5 | ref | ||
| Mild TBI | |||||||||||||
| I | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 0.3 | −0.01,0.6 | −0.03 | −0.6,0.5 | 0.1 | −0.2,0.3 | −0.1 | −0.5, .3 |
| II | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.6 | 0.2 | −0.8,1.1 | −0.1 | −1.4,1.1 | 0.2 | −0.3,0.8 | 0.03 | −1.0,1.0 |
| III | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 10.7 | −0.1 | −0.8,0.5 | −0.4 | −1.2,0.4 | 0.0 | −0.4,0.4 | −0.2 | −0.8,0.4 |
| Moderate TBI | 10.5 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 9.0 | −1.7 | −2.4,−0.9 | −2.0 | −2.8,−1.2 | −0.1 | −0.6,0.4 | −0.3 | −0.9,0.4 |
| Severe TBI | 10.7 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 6.8 | −4.5 | −7.1,−1.9 | −4.9 | −6.5,−3.2 | −0.2 | −2.5,2.1 | −0.4 | −1.7,0.9 |
| ABAS self-care | |||||||||||||
| Total no. | 887 | 864 | 812 | 777 | 769 | ||||||||
| Arm injury | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 1.3 | 0.8,1.8 | ref | 0.2 | −0.1,0.6 | ref | ||
| Mild TBI | |||||||||||||
| I | 8.8 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 0.9 | 0.6,1.2 | −0.4 | −1.0,0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1,0.6 | 0.1 | −0.4,0.5 |
| II | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 10.6 | 10.0 | −0.4 | −1.6,0.8 | −1.5 | −2.9,−0.2 | −0.8 | −2.0,0.3 | −0.9 | −2.0,0.1 |
| III | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 10.0 | −0.1 | −0.7,0.5 | −1.4 | −2.3,−0.6 | −0.3 | −0.8,0.2 | −0.5 | −1.2,0.1 |
| Moderate TBI | 10.2 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 9.0 | −1.0 | −1.8,−0.2 | −2.4 | −3.3,−1.5 | 0.4 | −0.2,1.0 | 0.1 | −0.6,0.8 |
| Severe TBI | 10.1 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 5.9 | −4.6 | −7.6,−1.7 | −5.8 | −7.6,−4.0 | −0.3 | −1.8,1.1 | −0.1 | −1.6,1.3 |
| CASPc | |||||||||||||
| Total no. | 629 | 615 | 612 | 625 | 659 | ||||||||
| Arm injury | 95.6 | 95.4 | 96.8 | 96.6 | 96.5 | 1.2 | −0.1,2.6 | ref | 0.5 | −0.4,1.4 | ref | ||
| Mild TBI | |||||||||||||
| I | 94.0 | 93.3 | 94.8 | 94.5 | 94.9 | 0.9 | −0.1,1.8 | −0.5 | −2.3,1.3 | 0.8 | 0.1,1.5 | 0.3 | −1.0,1.5 |
| II | 94.9 | 96.5 | 96.7 | 96.2 | 99.2 | 3.6 | 0.8,6.4 | 2.1 | −1.8,6.0 | 2.7 | −0.3,5.6 | 2.1 | −0.8,5.0 |
| III | 95.9 | 94.5 | 94.5 | 96.7 | 94.9 | −1.0 | −3.3,1.3 | −2.4 | −5.0,0.2 | −1.0 | −2.9,1.0 | −1.2 | −3.1,0.7 |
| Moderate TBI | 95.9 | 90.8 | 92.1 | 93.2 | 92.5 | −3.2 | −6.1,−0.3 | −4.2 | −7.0,−1.4 | 0.8 | −0.4,2.0 | 0.01 | −2.1,2.1 |
| Severe TBI | 91.9 | 70.4 | 79.4 | 82.3 | 82.7 | −11.3 | −24.9,2.4 | −13.2 | −18.9,−7.5 | −3.1 | −11.5,5.4 | −3.9 | −8.0,0.3 |
a
Mean values for the measure at the time indicated in the heading. The means in month 0 are of the parent's assessment of pre-injury functioning collected soon after the injury.
b
Adjusted for arm injury controls, age, child gender, child race, insurance, and household income.
c
Only measured in children ≥60 months old.
Changes that are significantly different from 0 are shown in boldface.
CASP, Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation; TBI, traumatic brain injury; ABAS, Adaptive Behavior Assessment Scale; CI, confidence interval.