TABLE 3.

Adjusted between-group differences in absolute and relative body weight and waist circumference in participants after 1 y in a commercial weight-loss program (n = 9037) including a VLCD (500 kcal/d), an LCD (1200–1500 kcal/d), or a restricted normal-food diet (1500–1800 kcal/d)¹

	Between-group differences
	VLCD compared with LCD	VLCD compared withrestricted normal-food diet	LCD compared withrestricted normal-food diet
Intention to treat (n = 9037)2
Body weight (kg)	−2.8 (−3.2, −2.5)	−3.8 (−4.5, −3.2)	−1.0 (−1.6, −0.4)
Body weight (%)	−3.0 (−3.4, −2.7)	−4.3 (−4.9, −3.7)	−1.3 (−1.9, −0.7)
Waist circumference (cm)	−3.0 (−3.4, −2.5)	−4.1 (−5.0, −3.3)	−1.1 (−1.9, −0.3)
Completers only (n = 7109)
Body weight (kg)	−3.0 (−3.3, −2.6)	−3.9 (−4.5, −3.3)	−1.0 (−1.5, −0.4)
Body weight (%)	−2.9 (−3.3, −2.6)	−4.3 (−5.0, −3.7)	−1.4 (−2.0, −0.8)
Waist circumference (cm)	−2.1 (−2.5, −1.7)	−3.1 (−3.8, −2.4)	−1.0 (−1.7, −0.4)

¹All values are estimated marginal means; 95% CIs in parentheses. ANCOVA was conducted, and the values were adjusted for age, sex, baseline BMI, center, calendar year, history of cardiovascular disease and cancer during the past 5 y, and dispensation of drugs for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, depression, and psychosis during the 6 mo preceding baseline. All between-group differences were P < 0.05. LCD, low-calorie diet; VLCD, very-low-calorie diet.

²With baseline substitution.