Fig. 6.

Phenotypic analysis of the CHLD-overexpression lines. a Test of the expression levels of CHLD gene in the wild-type Col plants and the transgenic lines DOE1 and DOE5 by quantitative PCR analysis (top) and immunoblotting assays (bottom, with Actin as a loading control). b Seed germination rate of the wild-type plants (Col) and two transgenic lines DOE1 and DOE5 in the ABA-free medium (0 μM ABA) and ABA-containing medium (0.5, 1 and 2 μM) 48 and 60 h after stratification. Each value is the mean ± SE of five independent biological determinations and different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 (Duncan’s multiple range test) when comparing values within the same ABA concentration. c Early seedling growth of the wild-type plants (Col) and two transgenic lines DOE1 and DOE5 in the ABA-free medium (0 μM ABA) and ABA-containing medium (0.8 μM) 12 d after stratification. The experiments were repeated independently five times with the same results. d ABA-induced stomatal closure (top panel) and ABA-inhibited stomatal opening (bottom panel) for the wild-type plants (Col) and two transgenic lines DOE1 and DOE5 in the ABA-free medium (0 μM ABA) and ABA-containing medium (20 μM). Values are the mean ± SE from three independent experiments and different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 (Duncan’s multiple range test) when comparing values within the same ABA concentration. n = 60 apertures per experiment