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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Gynecol Oncol. 2012 Jul 31;127(2):278–282. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.119

Table 3.

Contraception History by Severity of Diagnosis

CIN 3/AIS*
(n=370)
Invasive Cancer
(n=163)
p-value
Ever Used Birth Control 361 (98%) 145 (89%) <0.001
Median Number of Types of
Birth Control Used
(Interquartile Range)
3 (2-3) 2 (1-3) <0.001
Birth Control Method Used **
Diaphragm 8 (2%) 7 (4%) 0.25
IUD 20 (5%) 21 (13%) 0.003
Sponge 4 (1%) 5 (3%) 0.14
Spermicide 52 (14%) 13 (8%) 0.048
Injectable Medication 156 (42%) 11 (7%) <0.001
Patch 30 (8%) 1 (<1%) 0.007
Pill 317 (86%) 113 (69%) <0.001
Tubal 76 (21%) 67 (41%) <0.001
Male Sterilization 26 (7%) 18 (11%) 0.12
Norplant 2 (<1%) 1 (<1%) >0.9
Condom 281 (76%) 70 (43%) <0.001
No Birth Control 9 (2%) 18 (11%) <0.001
*

CIN = cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, AIS = adenocarcinoma in situ

**

Subjects may report more than one method of birth control.