Importance of growth factors in the heparin-mediated augmentation of SASTG. (A) Response of SASTG to heparin under various serum concentrations. 911 cells (10,000 cells per well) were infected with SASTG-luc (1000 VG/cell) in the presence of various serum concentrations (0, 2, 10, or 0% supplemented with FGF [50 ng/ml]) across a range of heparin concentrations. Data represent means±SD. (B) Alteration of the response of SASTG to heparin with the addition of suramin (100 μg/ml). Data represent means±SD. (C) Coimmunoprecipitation of SASTG with FGF1 in the presence of heparin and FGF1. AAV1, AAV2, or SASTG-luciferase vector (3.8×1011 VG) was mixed with 30 ng of FGF1 and 100 μg of heparin and subjected to immunoprecipitation with 2 μg of FGF1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Twenty-five microliters of the immunoprecipitation was electrophoresed on a 10–20% Tris-glycine gel (Invitrogen), transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed with anti-AAV B1 antibody (American Research Products) at a 1:333 dilution.