Table 1.

KS clinical presentation

Classic (sporadic) KS

Primarily affects older non-HIV infected men of Mediterranean and Jewish origin Patients present with multifocal mucocutaneous lesions, typically as violaceous lesions on the legs, but may infrequently present solely with KS of the mucosa, genitalia and gastrointestinal tract [118] Visceral and lung involvement portends a poor prognosis

African (endemic) KS

Causes lymphadenopathy in young males, but manifests in adults with deeply ulcerating tumors of the lower extremity Presently, it is difficult to differentiate between true endemic KS and AIDS- associated KS

AIDS-related (epidemic) KS

May cause minimal disease or manifest with widespread lesions resulting in significant morbidity and mortality Skin lesions vary from small papules to large plaques and exophytic or fungating nodules Lymphedema may be extensive and disproportionate to the extent of the cutaneous disease Extracutaneous disease is common, and typically involves the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, and lungs

Transplant (iatrogenic) KS

KSHV infection can be associated with fatal KS in this setting