Table 1.
List of proteins that are targeted to the plastids (p) and the nucleus (n).
| First described | Protein name(s) | Protein function | References | Release from plastids |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | cp29B (p) SEBF (n) |
RNA-binding protein transcriptional repressor | [21,27] [23] |
not investigated |
| 1995 | cp31A (p) STEP1 (n) |
RNA-binding protein telomere-binding | [21,27] [24,28] |
not investigated |
| 1996 | MFP1 (n) MFP1 (p) |
matrix attachment region binding nucleoid associated protein | [22] [26] |
not investigated |
| 1996 | GSBF1 (n) PEND (p) |
transcription factor nucleoid associated protein | [29] [30] |
possible [31] |
| 1997 | DHFR (p + n) | dihydrofolate reductase/thymidylate synthase | [19] | no [19] |
| 2004 | LEM1 (p + n) | unknown (homologous to plastid ribosomal protein PRPS9) | [32] | not investigated |
| 2005 | WHIRLY1 (p) WHIRLY1 (n) |
DNA + RNA binding; DNA maintenance transcriptional activator; telomere-binding | [33,34] [35,36] |
yes [17] |
| 2005 | CDT1 (p) CDT1 (n) |
plastid division (interaction with Arc6) DNA replication | [37] [37] |
not investigated |
| 2006 | ATXR5 (p + n) | control of cell cycle and DNA replication in the nucleus; plastid function unknown | [38] | not investigated |
| 2006 | NtWIN4 (p) NtWIN4 (n) |
induction of hypersensitive cell death transcriptional repressor | [39] [39] |
no [40] |
| 2006 | pTAC12 (p) HEMERA (n) |
nucleoid associated protein phytochrome signalling | [41] [42] |
not investigated |
| 2007 | At2g44940 (p + n) | transcription factor with AP2 DNA binding motif | [43] | not investigated |
| 2008 | IPT3 (p + n) | cytokinin biosynthesis in plastids; nuclear function unknown | [44] | no [44] |
| 2008 | NRIP1 (p + n) | rhodanese sulfur transferase; immune receptor recognition; plastid function unknown | [45] | possible [45] |
| 2011 | SIB1, SIB2 (p + n) | proteins binding to Sigma factor1 of plastid encoded RNA-polymerase | [46] | not investigated |
| 2012 | ANAC102 (p + n) | NAC transcription factor | [47] | not investigated |