Table 1.

Concentrations of Arg and its methylated metabolites in plasma of healthy human subjects and patients with renal failure.

	Subjects	Age (Years)	ADMA (μM)	SDMA (μM)	Arg (μM)	Arg/ADMA	Method
Marescau et al. 1997 [75]	Controls	23–86	0.41 ± 0.09	0.38 ± 0.10	110 ± 24		LC-Fluorescence
	CKD: CC > 40	23–86	0.60 ± 0.10	0.83 ± 0.22	111 ± 24		LC-Fluorescence
	CKD: CC = 40–20	23–86	0.72 ± 0.22	1.41 ± 0.63	119 ± 33		LC-Fluorescence
	CKD: CC = 20–10	23–86	0.84 ± 0.15	2.24 ± 0.74	122 ± 36		LC-Fluorescence
	CKD: CC < 10	23–86	0.80 ± 0.14	3.17 ± 1.05	129 ± 37		LC-Fluorescence
Pi et al. 2000 [76]	Controls	23–35	0.30 ± 0.05	0.34 ± 0.06	60.7 ± 19.0		LC-Fluorescence
Tsikas et al. 2003 [77]	Controls	35.6 ± 11.4	0.39 ± 0.06				GC-MS/MS
Martens-Lobenhoffer et al. 2004 [78]	Controls	20–56	0.36 ± 0.07	0.46 ± 0.09	63.9 ± 23.9		LC-MS/MS
	CKD	36–78	0.67 ± 0.13	3.16 ± 0.91	48.1 ± 18.5		LC-MS/MS
Schwedhelm et al. 2005 [79]	Controls	>18	0.55 ± 0.14	0.69 ± 0.23	65.6 ± 23.4	132 ± 55	LC-MS/MS
Martens-Lobenhoffer et al. 2006 [80]	Controls	22–32	0.37 ± 0.06	0.45 ± 0.06	60.6 ± 18.3		LC-MS/MS
Wilcken et al. 2006 [81]	Controls	34.6 ± 11.7	0.49 ± 0.07	0.40 ± 0.07	87.9 ± 19.5	181.9 ± 56.1	LC-Fluorescence
	CBS	34.2 ± 12.6	0.55 ± 0.08	0.39 ± 0.09	73.5 ± 18.8	132.9 ± 24.7	LC-Fluorescence
Bishop et al. 2007 [82]	Controls	>18	0.66 ± 0.12		87 ± 35	142 ± 81	LC-MS/MS
Schwedhelm et al. 2007 [83]	Controls	>18	0.46 ± 0.09	0.37 ± 0.07	74 ± 19	166 ± 50	LC-MS/MS
Weaving et al. 2008 [84]	Controls	20.9 ± 2.5	0.40 ± 0.14	0.47 ± 0.06	162 ± 76		SPE-MS/MS
Zhang et al. 2009 [85]	Controls	46.1 ± 13.2	0.49 ± 0.12	0.24 ± 0.08			LC-Fluorescence
	CKD	45.7 ± 14.2	2.36 ± 0.89	0.48 ± 0.11			LC-Fluorescence
	RTx	45.7 ± 14.2	0.70 ± 0.24	0.26 ± 0.07			LC-Fluorescence
El-Khoury et al. 2012 [86]	Controls	19–64	0.36–0.67	0.32–0.65	53.1–129.7		LC-MS/MS

CBS: Cystathionine β-synthase deficiency; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; RTx: Renal transplant; CC: Creatinine clearance (mL/min).