Table 2.
Estimated associations for count of outlets per 1000 population and youth body mass index (BMI).
| BMI Percentile in eighth grade | Change in BMI percentile between fifth and eighth grade | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 1a | Model 2b |
| Fast food outlets per 1000 population | 1.74 (1.28) | 1.09 (1.26) | -0.55 (0.60) | -0.75 (0.55) |
| Convenience stores per 1000 population | 6.99 (1.88)** | 1.31 (2.02) | -0.64 (0.89) | -1.86 (0.97) |
| Grocery stores per 1000 population | 7.43 (5.39) | 2.39 (4.46) | 1.13 (2.08) | 0.12 (1.80) |
| Supermarkets per 1000 population | 8.82 (5.24) | 9.15 (5.06) | 0.21 (2.74) | 1.74 (2.45) |
Sample size = 6260.
Models were estimated using ordinary least squares.
Standard errors are in parentheses.
Statistics have been weighted by Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Class sampling weights.
Eicker-Huber-White sandwich estimator was used to calculate robust standard errors clustered as census tract.
Model 1 includes the food environment measure as the only independent variable.
Model 2 includes the food environment measure, individual covariates (age, age squared, gender, race/ethnicity, mother's education, family income, weekly hours spent watching television, weekly days of vigorous physical activity, and parent–child interactions) and census tract characteristics (median income, percentage non-Hispanic White population, and street connectivity index).
*P<0.05
P<0.01.