A Expression of Tnfrsf1b receptors increases in YAMC cells at 100 ng/ml TNF-α at 24, 48, and 72 hrs whereas Tnfrsf1a receptors are slightly reduced.B At 48 hrs, TNF-α concentrations ≤100 ng/ml increase Tnfrsf1b in YAMC cells in a dose–dependent fashion. No significant increases are seen for Tnfrsf1a.C, Tnfrsf1b production increases for YAMC cells co-cultured with E. faecalis-infected macrophages at 24, 48, and 72 hrs. D, At 48 hrs, Tnfrsf1b production increases in YAMC cells co-cultured with E. faecalis-infected macrophages in a dose-dependent manner.E, Heat-inactivated TNF-α and anti-TNF-α antibody block TNF-α induction of Tnfrsf1b compared to control. F Immmunohistochemical staining shows increased Tnfrsf1b in colonic epithelial cells from Il10−/− mice colonized with E. faecalis for 9 months compared to sham; no change is seen for Tnfrsf1a (20X).