Effect of Trolox on the expression of mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins in human skin fibroblasts and Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. (A) Typical Western blots of mitochondria-enriched fractions showing the expression of the mitochondrial fusion protein Mfn2 (α-Mfn2), the fission proteins Drp1 (α-Drp1) and hFis1 (α-hFis1), and mitochondrial porin (α-porin) in vehicle- (CT) and Trolox-treated human skin fibroblasts. The two bands for Drp1 represent the brain (upper band) and ubiquitous (lower band) isoform. (B) Quantitative analysis of Mfn2, Drp1, hFis1, and Porin levels in Trolox-treated human skin fibroblasts. Expression levels are represented by the ratio between the Trolox-treated and CT condition. (C) Typical examples of background-corrected confocal images (COR; upper row) and their binarized equivalents (BIN; lower row) highlighting the mitochondrial structure (white objects) in CHO cells stained with rhodamine 123. CT-CHO and CT-CHO+Trolox indicate vehicle-treated and Trolox-treated cells, respectively (D) Quantification of the effect of Trolox treatment on mitochondrial length and degree of branching (reflected by the formfactor F), and the number of mitochondria per cell (represented by Nc) in CHO cells. (E) Same as panel A, but now for CHO cells. (F) Same as panel B, but now for CHO cells. In this figure, significant differences between the CT- and Trolox-treated condition are marked by *(p<0.05). Numerals (N) reflect the number of independent blots (B and F) or the number of individual cells (D) analyzed in at least two different experiments.