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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Oct 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2010 Aug;69(8):850–863. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181eac1f5

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is expressed in polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, symptomatic epilepsy syndrome (PS), type II focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) but not in control, type I FCD, or cortical dysplasia focal epilepsy (CDFE) cortex. (A-F) SOX2 expression detected by immunohistochemistry in neocortical brain tissue samples (large panel photos, 5x objective; bar = 200 mm; inset photos, 40x objective; bar = 50 mm). SOX2 expression is virtually absent in control (A), type I FCD (B), and CDFE2 (C) cases and abundant in PS (D), type II FCD (E), and TSC (F). Bottom left, Western blot analysis of SOX2 expression in tissue lysates from postmortem control cortex, FCD IIB, and 2 tuber specimens. Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) served as an internal loading control. Bottom center, RT-PCR amplification of SOX2 transcripts (225 bp amplicon, arrow) from single microdissected SOX2+ balloon cells (BCs) in 2 FCD IIB specimens but not a pyramidal neuron from postmortem control cortex. First lane is size marker. Bottom right, cell counts of SOX2+ cells in postmortem (PM) control, epilepsy (Epi) control, type I FCD, and type II FCD specimens. Counts reflect mean cell number across 3 regions of interest per specimen; mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05).