Table 1.
Prevalence of illicit drug use by mode of assessment and race for adults with schizophrenia
| Measure | n (%) | White | Black | χ2 value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCID Drug Abuse (N=1459) | ||||
| Marijuana | 76 (5.2%) | 38 (4.4%) | 33 (6.4%) | 2.88 |
| Cocaine | 42 (2.9%) | 12 (1.4%) | 27 (5.3%) | 17.87† |
| Opiate | 2 (0.1%) | 2 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.18 |
| Stimulant | 13 (0.9%) | 13 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7.71† |
| All tested drugs | 113 (7.8%) | 57 (6.5%) | 50 (9.8%) | 4.67 |
| SCID Drug Dependence (N=1459) | ||||
| Marijuana | 43 (3.0%) | 21 (2.4%) | 21 (4.1%) | 3.13 |
| Cocaine | 37 (2.5%) | 6 (0.7%) | 28 (5.5%) | 30.73† |
| Opiate | 7 (0.5%) | 4 (0.5%) | 3 (0.6%) | 0.10 |
| Stimulant | 7 (0.5%) | 5 (0.6%) | 2 (0.4%) | 0.22 |
| All tested drugs | 80 (5.5%) | 34 (3.9%) | 42 (8.2%) | 11.49† |
| Combined SCID Drug Abuse and Dependence (N=1459) | ||||
| Marijuana | 108 (7.4%) | 53 (6.1%) | 49 (9.6%) | 5.74 |
| Cocaine | 69 (4.7%) | 18 (2.1%) | 46 (9.0%) | 34.98† |
| Opiate | 7 (0.5%) | 4 (0.5%) | 3 (0.6%) | 0.10 |
| Stimulant | 18 (1.2%) | 16 (1.8%) | 2 (0.4%) | 5.25 |
| All tested drugs | 169 (11.6%) | 80 (9.2%) | 80 (15.6%) | 13.09† |
| Self-report (N=1448) | ||||
| Marijuana | 247 (17.1%) | 141 (16.2%) | 95 (18.9%) | 1.66 |
| Cocaine | 123 (8.5%) | 39 (4.5%) | 79 (15.7%) | 51.31† |
| Opiate | 20 (1.4%) | 15 (1.7%) | 3 (0.6%) | 3.12 |
| Stimulant | 29 (2.0%) | 22 (2.5%) | 5 (1.0%) | 3.87 |
| All tested drugs | 322 (22.2%) | 171 (19.6%) | 134 (26.6%) | 9.13† |
| Urine (N=1457) | ||||
| Marijuana | 130 (8.9%) | 67 (7.7%) | 57 (11.1%) | 4.71 |
| Cocaine | 91 (6.3%) | 21 (2.4%) | 64 (12.5%) | 56.99† |
| Opiate | 27 (1.9%) | 19 (2.2%) | 3 (0.6%) | 5.23 |
| Stimulant | 9 (0.6%) | 7 (0.8%) | 1 (0.2%) | 2.07 |
| All tested drugs | 227 (15.6%) | 100 (11.5%) | 111 (21.7%) | 26.03† |
| Hair | ||||
| Marijuana (N=990) | 147 (14.9%) | 81 (12.1%) | 61 (22.1%) | 15.43† |
| Cocaine (N=1133) | 201 (17.7%) | 62 (8.4%) | 130 (37.6%) | 137.80† |
| Opiate (N=1136) | 30 (2.6%) | 16 (2.2%) | 13 (3.7%) | 2.26 |
| Stimulant (N=1134) | 29 (2.6%) | 24 (3.3%) | 2 (0.6%) | 7.30† |
| All tested drugs (N=1137) | 327 (28.8%) | 151 (20.4%) | 165 (47.3%) | 83.14† |
| Any laboratory test (N=1458) | ||||
| Marijuana | 216 (14.8%) | 108 (12.4%) | 100 (19.5%) | 12.96† |
| Cocaine | 228 (15.6%) | 69 (7.9%) | 148 (28.9%) | 107.74† |
| Opiate | 48 (3.3%) | 29 (3.3%) | 14 (2.7%) | 0.37 |
| Stimulant | 30 (2.1%) | 25 (2.9%) | 2 (0.4%) | 10.34† |
| All tested drugs | 404 (27.7%) | 184 (21.1%) | 201 (39.3%) | 53.15† |
†
=Bonferonni adjusted p-value (p<0.01)