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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Sleep Med. 2012 Aug 28;13(9):1122–1129. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2012.05.004

Table 1.

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria
Ages: 21–69 years old History of seizures
Met ICSD-II criteria for insomnia High levels of caffeine, nicotine, or alcohol
Insomnia duration ≥ 6 months Using other drugs with sleep-active properties
Sleep onset or awake time > 30 minutes Apnea/hypopnea index > 10 per hour
Insomnia present ≥ 3 nights per week Myocolonus arousals > 10 per hour
Report mood, cognitive, or socio-occupational impairment
Prescribed hypnotic use ≥ 4 nights per week
Prescribed hypnotic use ≥ 6 months in duration
Desire to quit hypnotic use but inability to do so

Note. ICSD-II refers to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd edition [31]; quantitative sleep criteria for insomnia derived from Lichstein and colleagues [30].