Table 7.

Literature compliance results

Author	Aim	Patients	Compliance results
Vandal 1999[20]	To report the observed difference between two measures of compliance: interview and a compliometer.	40 female patients with AIS aged 10–16 years	Compliance measured with interview: 82.5%, compliometer: average compliance 33%
Havey 2002[21]	To develop and test the reliability of a device (pressure sensor) for the objective measurement of spinal orthosis wearing time.	9 normal volunteers	Compliance with brace- wearing can be accurately measured by an electronic device embedded in the orthosis.
Nicholson 2003[12]	To develop instrumentation for discrete, reliable and objective measurement of brace usage patterns.	10 female pts with AIS (mean age 15)	Effective compliance: 65% (range 8%-90%) patients generally overestimated their time in brace.
Takemitsu 2004[23]	To evaluate objectively idiopathic scoliosis patients’ compliance with Wilmington brace treatment.	61 pts with AIS (mean age 12 range 6–16 years)	Average compliance was 75%, age related.
Rahman 2005[22]	To evaluate the efficacy of brace treatment prospectively using an objective measure of compliance.	34 pts average age 12 (range 10–16 years)	The compliance rate of the group whose curvatures did not progress was 85 +  −18,5%; that of the group whose curvatures progressed was 62 + −24,3%.
Helfenstein 2006[24]	To establish new technical methods for the objective measurement of brace usage without patients’ involvement.	9 female patients with AIS	68% range 19%- 97%. No patient reached the recommended 23-hour bracing.
Morton 2008[19]	Testing prediction and estimation of adherence compared to the objective measures of compliance.	124 pts with AIS	Actual average of adherence was 47%. Physicians, orthotists, parents and patients respectively overestimated brace wear as 64%, 66%, 72% and 75%.
Rahman 2010[37]	To demonstrate the efficacy of using a new electronic brace compliance monitor.	10 AIS pts in Wilmington brace treatment	Patient compliance 78%. The cricket is a reliable accurate and sensitive device to determine compliance.
Katz 2010[26]	To measure accurately the number of hours of brace to determine if increased wear correlate with lack of progression.	100 pts in Boston brace therapy for AIS	the total number of hours of brace wear in patients who didn’t undergo surgery had a mean compliance of 42.4% a mean compliance of 24.4% in the group of patients needing for surgical treatment.
Muller 2011[27]	To objectify the impact of spinal bracing on daily step activity in AIS and adolescent kyphosis patients receiving conservative treatment with CTM brace and a kyphosis brace.	38 AIS patients and 10 AK patients using an ankle monitor for recording gait cycles and a temperature sensor to determine brace wear time.	The overall compliance rate was 72.7 + − 27.6%, based on the 23-hour recommended wearing time.

Literature compliance results. AIS: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.