Table 1.

Student Demographic Data

Variables	M	SD	Range
DIBELS LNF	2.54	2.3	0–7
CTOPP Blending Words
Raw score	3.13	2.54	0–11
Standard score	9.0	1.90	5–13
WJ-III Letter-Word Identification
Standard score	83.85	8.74	64–102
W scale score	324.16	16.13	276–359
WJ-III Word Attack
Standard score a	92.72	12.26	71–111
W scale score b	383.3	17.56	364–470

	n	%
Male	56	51.3
Ethnicity
Caucasian	28	25.7
Black	73	67.0
Hispanic	7	6.4
Asian	1	.9
Eligible for Free or Reduced Lunch	88	80.7
Special Education Classification	35	32.1

Note. LNF = Letter Naming Fluency; CTOPP = Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing; WJ-III= Woodcock Johnson III.

^an = 61 due to students out of age range for calculating standard scores.

^bn = 107