Table 2.

Impact of R-roscovitine on cytokine and chemokine levels in whole lung homogenates during S. pneumoniae pneumonia.

		TNF-α	IL-6	KC	MIP-2
48 h	Ceftriaxone	3.21 ± 0.33	0.37 ± 0.12	1.29 ± 0.31	1.31 ± 0.10
	R-roscovitine + ceftriaxone	4.78 ± 0.76	4.47 ± 2.52a	1.41 ± 0.20	3.41 ± 0.33b
96 h	Ceftriaxone	1.41 ± 0.13	3.65 ± 1.30	5.34 ± 2.69	7.31 ± 2.05
	R-roscovitine + ceftriaxone	1.40 ± 0.22	3.26 ± 1.92	1.59 ± 0.55	1.30 ± 0.39b

Pneumococcal pneumonia was induced by intranasal inoculation of 5 × 10⁴ CFU serotype 3 S. pneumoniae (ATCC 6303). Ceftriaxone, 20 mg/kg, in combination with 70 mg/kg R-roscovitine or vehicle (10 % DMSO) was injected intraperitoneally after 24 and 72 h. TNF-α, IL-6, KC and MIP-2 were determined in lung homogenates. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM in ng/mL. n = 8 per group at each time point;

^aP < 0.05;

^bP < 0.01 versus vehicle.