Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics Among Hispanic Groups in the ACCORD Trial
| Baseline Characteristics | Mexican (N = 243) | Puerto Rican (N = 199) | Dominican (N = 150) | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age , years (mean, SD) | 60.5 (7.7) | 62.8 (7.3) | 60.3 (7.6) | 0.002 |
| Gender, female N (%) | 119 (49) | 81 (41) | 87 (58) | 0.006 |
| Education, less than high school, N (%) | 95 (39) | 81 (41) | 86 (57) | 0.001 |
| high school graduate, N (%) | 46 (19) | 61 (31) | 47 (31) | |
| some college or higher, N (%) | 102 (42) | 57 (29) | 17 (11) | |
| Born in the United States, N (%) | 115 (48) | 18 (10) | 2 (1) | 0.001 |
| Smoking, never N (%) | 144 (59) | 86 (43) | 87 (58) | 0.001 |
| former/current N (%) | 99 (41) | 112 (57) | 63 (42) | |
| Health insurance, private, N (%) | 85 (35) | 71 (36) | 22 (15) | 0.001 |
| public, N (%) | 58 (24) | 110 (55) | 90 (60) | |
| none, N (%) | 96 (40) | 18 (9) | 37 (25) | |
| Weekly caloric expenditure (mean, SD) † | 2865 (2643) | 2452 (2747) | 1378 (1250) | 0.034 |
| Body mass index kg/m2, (mean, SD) | 31.8 (5.1) | 31.5 (5.6) | 29.9 (4.8) | 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (mean, SD) | 138 (17) | 137 (18) | 139 (18) | 0.388 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (mean, SD) | 76 (11) | 74 (12) | 78 (10) | 0.004 |
| High density lipoprotein, mg/dl (mean, SD) | 41 (9) | 43 (11) | 43 (14) | 0.018 |
| Low density lipoprotein, mg/dl (mean, SD) | 104 (34) | 108 (37) | 104 (33) | 0.449 |
| Self reported peripheral neuropathy, N (%) | 34 (14) | 40 (21) | 26 (17) | 0.239 |
| Insulin therapy, N (%) | 72 (30) | 77 (39) | 56 (37) | 0.099 |
| Number of oral hypoglycemic medicines, N(%) | ||||
| 0 | 35 (14) | 37 (19) | 24 (16) | 0.805 |
| 1 | 94 (39) | 73 (37) | 54 (36) | |
| 2+ | 114 (47) | 89 (45) | 72 (48) | |
| Glycated hemoglobin %, (mean, SD) | 8.6 (1.3) | 8.4 (1.0) | 8.6 (1.3) | 0.056 |
| Duration of diabetes, years (mean, SD) | 11.3 (8.3) | 12.5 (8.9) | 10.6 (7.1) | 0.102 |
*P-value from overall test of association between baseline characteristics and Hispanic group (χ2test for categorical variables, analysis of variance for continuous variables)
†Caloric expenditure data was collected on a randomly selected subset of ACCORD participants, among 96 Hispanic participants