Table 1.
ED, ISM, MMAD, and GSD of Tiotropium Bromide Monohydrate Following Aerosolization of Spiriva Capsules from the HandiHaler, Cyclohaler, Mod 1, and Mod 2 into the NGI at 20, 39, and 55 l/min (n = 3)
| HandiHaler | Cyclohaler | Mod 1 | Mod 2 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flow rate (l/min) | ED, μg (max, min) | ISM, μg (max, min) | MMAD, μm (max, min) | GSD (max, min) | ED, μg (max, min) | ISM, μg (max, min) | MMAD, μm (max, min) | GSD (max, min) | ED, μg (max, min) | ISM, μg (max, min) | MMAD, μm (max, min) | GSD (max, min) | ED, μg (max, min) | ISM, μg (max, min) | MMAD, μm (max, min) | GSD (max, min) |
| 20 | 11.4 (11.0, 11.8) | 4.3 (4.1, 4.5) | 5.8 (5.6, 5.9) | 1.7 (1.7, 1.8) | 9.8 (9.7, 10.0) | 4.3 (3.9, 4.6) | 5.7 (5.4, 6.1) | 1.7 (1.7, 1.7) | 9.4 (9.3, 9.5) | 4.8 (4.7, 4.9) | 4.7 (4.7, 4.7) | 1.8 (1.7, 1.8) | 12.5 (12.0, 12.9) | 4.4 (4.3, 4.6) | 5.8 (5.7, 5.9) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.8) |
| 39 | 13.0 (12.6, 13.5) | 5.2 (4.7, 5.9) | 4.1 (4.0, 4.3) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.9) | 11.1 (10.2, 12.1) | 5.6 (5.3, 5.9) | 4.2 (3.9, 4.5) | 1.8 (1.7, 1.8) | 8.9 (9.2, 9.4) | 5.0 (5.0, 5.2) | 3.9 (3.8, 4.0) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.9) | 13.6 (13.5, 13.7) | 5.4 (5.1, 5.7) | 4.1 (4.1, 4.2) | 1.9 (1.9, 1.9) |
| 55 | 11.9 (11.8, 12.0) | 5.3 (5.2, 5.5) | 3.9 (3.8, 4.0) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.9) | 10.9 (10.8, 11.0) | 4.7 (4.6, 4.8) | 5.1 (5.0, 5.1) | 2.0 (2.0, 2.1) | 9.8 (9.6, 9.9) | 5.2 (5.1, 5.3) | 3.5 (3.5, 3.6) | 1.9 (1.9, 1.9) | 11.8 (11.7, 12.0) | 5.2 (5.1, 5.3) | 3.7 (3.5, 3.8) | 1.8 (1.8. 1.9) |
ED emitted dose, ISM impactor size mass, MMAD mass median aerodynamic diameter, GSD geometric standard deviation, min minimum, max maximum, mod 1 modification 1, mod 2 modification 2