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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2012 Jun 1;26(9):1151–1159. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328352d135

Table 5.

Effects of exposure to combination ARV regimen with Tenofovir (TDF) vs. combination ARV regimen without TDF during pregnancy on infant growth outcomes at age one year, SMARTT Study, 2007–2010, USA

Gestation- or age-adjusted z-score<−1.5 Percent with Outcome Unadjusted Models Adjusted Models1 Fully Adjusted Models including gestational age
TDF Exposed No TDF N OR (95% CI) P-value N aOR (95% CI) P-value N aOR (95% CI) P-value
Weight 11.5% 9.5% 585 1.24 (0.72, 2.13) 0.44 582 1.25 (0.72, 2.15) 0.42 578 1.25 (0.73, 2.17) 0.42
Length 7.9% 8.2% 582 0.97 (0.52, 1.79) 0.91 561 0.94 (0.50, 1.78) 0.86 558 0.95 (0.50, 1.79) 0.87
HC 6.2% 5.8% 570 1.07 (0.53, 2.19) 0.84 545 1.15 (0.56, 2.39) 0.70 541 1.17 (0.57, 2.42) 0.67

ARV=antiretroviral regimens, TDF=tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, HC= head circumference, OR=odds ratio, aOR=adjusted odds ratio, CI=confidence interval

For low weight at 1 year: maternal age <25 years at delivery, high maternal viral load early in pregnancy, genital infection during pregnancy, and maternal use of hard drugs during pregnancy; For short length at 1 year: female sex; For small head circumference at 1 year: maternal use of hard drugs during pregnancy.