Table 3.
Pooled odds ratiosa (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the history of pancreatitis and risk of pancreatic cancer, by covariates, International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)
| History of pancreatitis |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Years between diagnosis of pancreatitis and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer/interview |
||||
| ≤2 |
>2 |
||||
| N (cases : controls) | N (cases : controls) | OR (95% CI) | N (cases : controls) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Overall | 4674 : 10 703 | 183 : 25 | 13.56 (8.72–21.90) | 106 : 79 | 2.71 (1.96–3.74) |
| Sex | |||||
| Men | 2651 : 6215 | 102 : 15 | 11.73 (6.56–20.99) | 59 : 46 | 2.34 (1.50–3.63) |
| Women | 2023 : 4488 | 81 : 10 | 17.32 (8.68–34.54) | 47 : 33 | 3.12 (1.94–5.03) |
| P value for interaction | (0.59) | (0.44) | |||
| Age (years) | |||||
| <65 | 2369 : 6028 | 119 : 16 | 15.45 (8.89–26.85) | 69 : 40 | 3.91 (2.53–6.04) |
| ≥65 | 2305 : 4675 | 64 : 9 | 10.24 (4.96–21.14) | 37 : 39 | 1.68 (1.02–2.76) |
| P value for interaction | (0.30) | (0.006) | |||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 3681 : 7410 | 151 : 19 | 13.41 (8.15–22.04) | 83 : 59 | 2.48 (1.72–3.58) |
| Other | 990 : 2991 | 31 : 6 | 11.83 (4.65–30.05) | 22 : 17 | 3.28 (1.62–6.66) |
| P value for interaction | (0.96) | (0.40) | |||
| Education | |||||
| High school graduate or less | 2576 : 6257 | 65 : 14 | 10.29 (5.52–19.18) | 52 : 50 | 2.21 (1.44–3.39) |
| College graduate or more | 2062 : 4377 | 118 : 11 | 18.09 (9.49–34.46) | 54 : 29 | 3.48 (2.09–5.79) |
| P value for interaction | (0.27) | (0.20) | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
| <25 | 2209 : 5935 | 75 : 11 | 13.48 (6.91–26.26) | 49 : 37 | 3.12 (1.96–4.96) |
| ≥25 | 2418 : 4663 | 107 : 14 | 13.50 (7.46–24.46) | 55 : 41 | 2.36 (1.49–3.72) |
| P value for interaction | (0.89) | (0.84) | |||
| Tobacco smoking | |||||
| Never | 1695 : 4470 | 61 : 9 | 17.72 (8.51–36.91) | 29 : 33 | 2.18 (1.26–3.79) |
| Former | 1207 : 2464 | 57 : 9 | 7.16 (3.38–15.18) | 31 : 20 | 2.59 (1.37–4.89) |
| Current | |||||
| ≤20 cigarettes/day | 1038 : 2304 | 39 : 4 | 21.15 (6.73–66.49) | 28 : 15 | 3.97 (1.98–7.96) |
| >20 cigarettes/day | 574 : 1054 | 20 : 3 | 12.41 (3.51–43.85) | 12 : 9 | 1.94 (0.73–5.16) |
| P value for interaction | (0.56) | (0.61) | |||
| Alcohol intake (drinks/day)b | |||||
| 0 to <1 | 2562 : 6153 | 114 : 16 | 14.11 (8.11–26.55) | 54 : 43 | 2.73 (1.75–4.25) |
| 1 to <4 | 1109 : 2920 | 30 : 6 | 10.10 (4.19–27.30) | 21 : 17 | 3.18 (1.57–6.45) |
| ≥4 | 521 : 1276 | 24 : 3 | 12.62 (3.57–44.54) | 16 : 17 | 1.78 (0.81–3.91) |
| P value for interaction | (0.80) | (0.74) | |||
| History of diabetes | |||||
| No | 3767 : 9756 | 142 : 19 | 15.74 (9.57–25.89) | 69 : 60 | 2.75 (1.89–4.01) |
| Yes | 906 : 942 | 41 : 6 | 6.69 (2.57–17.37) | 37 : 19 | 2.42 (1.27–4.60) |
| P value for interaction | (0.17) | (0.87) | |||
| Study area | |||||
| North America | 3536 : 6709 | 158 : 16 | 15.88 (9.25–27.27) | 82 : 54 | 2.53 (1.72–3.72) |
| Other | 1138 : 3994 | 25 : 9 | 9.68 (4.37–21.45) | 24 : 25 | 3.05 (1.69–5.52) |
| P value for interaction | (0.20) | (0.59) | |||
aPooled ORs were computed using logistic regression models adjusted for study, age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake and history of diabetes.
bNo information on alcohol intake was available in the MSKCC study.