TABLE 2—
Selected Covariates by Categories of Discrimination in Perceived Discrimination and Hypertension: The Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS, 2000–2004
| Everydaya |
Lifetimeb |
Burdenc |
|||||||||||||
| Q1(n = 1163) | Q2(n = 1192) | Q3(n = 1305) | Q4(n = 1264) | P for Trendd | Q1(n = 1288) | Q2(n = 832) | Q3(n = 1576) | Q4(n = 1223) | P for Trendd | Q1(n = 1074) | Q2(n = 1064) | Q3(n = 1222) | Q4(n = 968) | P for Trendd | |
| Demographic and SES factors | |||||||||||||||
| Age, y, mean | 59.7 | 55.3 | 53.4 | 50.7 | < .001 | 57.2 | 54.7 | 54.1 | 52.8 | < .001 | 53.5 | 52.6 | 54.4 | 56.3 | < .001 |
| Female, % | 64.0 | 68.5 | 61.1 | 60.0 | .021 | 66.1 | 66.2 | 63.8 | 57.6 | < .001 | 64.5 | 65.8 | 60.5 | 61.7 | .045 |
| ≥ bachelor's degree, % | 26.3 | 37.2 | 37.2 | 30.1 | .153 | 22.1 | 28.4 | 35.3 | 44.0 | < .001 | 26.9 | 35.6 | 37.9 | 33.6 | .047 |
| Income > $50 000, % | 20.0 | 28.2 | 29.2 | 22.8 | .184 | 18.0 | 22.3 | 27.8 | 31.3 | < .001 | 20.4 | 28.8 | 28.0 | 25.6 | .078 |
| Professional, % | 29.9 | 40.1 | 40.3 | 32.3 | .419 | 24.6 | 32.9 | 38.4 | 46.0 | < .001 | 29.4 | 41.2 | 39.6 | 35.8 | .227 |
| Behavioral factors | |||||||||||||||
| Current smoker, % | 11.6 | 11.1 | 12.9 | 15.8 | .006 | 13.0 | 12.1 | 13.5 | 12.6 | .802 | 12.5 | 10.5 | 14.0 | 14.8 | .02 |
| > 14 drinks/wk, % | 2.2 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | .205 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.7 | .446 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 | .517 |
| BMI, mean | 31.3 | 31.9 | 31.7 | 32.2 | .021 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 31.8 | 32.0 | .335 | 32.0 | 32.0 | 31.5 | 32.4 | .533 |
| Physical activity, mean | 8.1 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.4 | < .001 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 8.6 | < .001 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.4 | .467 |
| Total dietary fiber, g, mean | 15.9 | 14.9 | 16.3 | 16.8 | < .001 | 16.1 | 15.4 | 15.9 | 16.5 | .215 | 15.6 | 15.8 | 16.3 | 16.4 | .009 |
| Sodium, mg, mean | 4019 | 3865 | 4167 | 4469 | < .001 | 4135 | 4019 | 4147 | 4212 | .277 | 4081 | 4097 | 4161 | 4305 | .024 |
Note. BMI = body mass index (defined as weight in kg divided by the square of height in m); Q = Quartile; SES = socioeconomic status. All variables except age are adjusted to the age distribution of the full sample. The sample size was (n = 4939).
Everyday discrimination is the mean of 9 items scored 1–7. Ranges for Everyday Score Q1: 1.0–1.2; Q2: 1.3–1.7; Q3: 1.8–2.5; Q4: 2.6–7.0.
Lifetime discrimination is the count of 9 items. Ranges for Lifetime Score Q1: 0–1.0; Q2: 2.0–2.0; Q3: 3.0–4.0; Q4:5.0–9.0.
Burden is the mean of 3 items scored 1–4. Ranges for Burden Score Q1: 1.0–1.6; Q2: 1.8–2.1; Q3: 2.3–2.8; Q4: 3.0–4.0.
P values for trend across discrimination categories.