TABLE 1—
Sample Characteristics of Survey Respondents in the United States and England, by Income Tercile: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2006) and Health Survey for England (2003–2006)
| United States (n = 36 360) |
England (n = 55 783) |
|||||
| Low | Middle | High | Low | Middle | High | |
| Mean age (SE), y | 33.7 (0.4) | 35.1 (0.4) | 34.5 (0.4) | 36.1 (0.3) | 35.9 (0.3) | 35.3 (0.3) |
| Gender, % | ||||||
| Male | 46.8 | 49.8 | 51.1 | 44.9 | 51.0 | 52.2 |
| Female | 53.2 | 50.2 | 48.9 | 55.1 | 49.0 | 47.8 |
| Race/ethnicity, %a | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 50.7 | 70.1 | 82.6 | 79.2 | 90.0 | 91.8 |
| Hispanic | 24.7 | 13.1 | 6.0 | NA | NA | NA |
| Asian | NA | NA | NA | 10.5 | 4.7 | 4.8 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 18.7 | 11.0 | 6.4 | 8.2 | 3.9 | 2.4 |
| Other | 5.9 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.0 |
| Cigarette smoking, % | 31.2 | 23.7 | 15.8 | 36.9 | 23.3 | 16.9 |
| Drinking ≥ 5 d/wk (age ≥20 y), % | 4.5 | 6.6 | 9.5 | 12.5 | 18.7 | 26.6 |
| No health insurance, % | 29.9 | 14.5 | 5.9 | NA | NA | NA |
| Education, % | ||||||
| 0–12 y (US), 0–11 y (England) | 64.6 | 45.1 | 24.7 | 50.4 | 29.9 | 14.4 |
| 13–15 y (US), 12–13 y (England) | 27.0 | 33.3 | 30.4 | 23.1 | 26.3 | 17.5 |
| ≥ 16 y (US), ≥ 14 y (England) | 8.4 | 21.6 | 44.9 | 26.6 | 43.8 | 68.1 |
Note. NA = not applicable. Because obesity was categorized differently for those younger than 18 years than for adults and because C-reactive protein was assessed only for those at least 18 years old, the adolescent group was categorized as 12–17 years and the young adult group as 18–34 years for measures of obesity and C-reactive protein. Unless otherwise noted, all figures pertain to individuals aged birth to 80 years.
Hispanic ethnicity was not available for England (individuals who are Hispanic could have classified themselves in any of the racial groups). Asian race was not available for the United States (individuals who are Asian are included in the “other” race/ethnic category).