TABLE 3—
Prevalence of Health Outcomes Among Male Respondents, by Income Tercile and Age Group: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2006) and Health Survey for England (2003–2006)
| United States (n = 36 360), % |
England (n = 55 783), % |
|||||
| Health Outcome and Age, Years | Low | Middle | High | Low | Middle | High |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| 12–19 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 |
| 20–34 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| 35–49 | 7.7** | 4.5 | 3.5 | 5.7** | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 50–64 | 17.0** | 10.2 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 6.9 |
| 65–80 | 19.6** | 14.6 | 10.2 | 13.7 | 16.0** | 9.5 |
| Obesity | ||||||
| 4–11 | 14.1** | 11.9** | 6.2 | 9.2 | 7.2 | 5.9 |
| 12–17 | 19.3** | 15.1 | 11.5 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 3.5 |
| 18–34 | 24.0 | 27.0* | 21.6 | 13.2 | 13.8 | 14.8 |
| 35–49 | 32.5 | 35.8 | 31.2 | 27.6 | 19.9 | 25.0 |
| 50–64 | 38.2 | 36.8 | 34.7 | 30.6 | 25.1 | 25.2 |
| 65–80 | 33.1 | 35.8** | 28.6 | 21.0 | 24.8* | 17.8 |
| Low HDL | ||||||
| 12–19 | 22.4 | 22.5 | 23.4 | 21.0 | 20.3 | 16.9 |
| 20–34 | 33.0** | 30.3* | 23.4 | 18.6 | 14.4 | 13.6 |
| 35–49 | 33.1 | 32.7 | 30.0 | 17.9** | 15.2* | 11.5 |
| 50–64 | 31.6** | 28.1 | 23.5 | 14.7 | 14.1 | 16.7 |
| 65–80 | 31.3* | 27.6 | 23.8 | 18.1* | 20.2** | 12.3 |
| High cholesterol ratio | ||||||
| 12–19 | 9.5 | 8.1 | 10.1 | 7.4 | 8.7 | 3.8 |
| 20–34 | 28.8 | 27.8 | 24.7 | 22.9 | 18.4 | 17.6 |
| 35–49 | 41.0 | 40.6 | 37.8 | 32.1 | 30.5 | 27.8 |
| 50–64 | 42.0** | 36.1 | 32.4 | 28.5 | 25.7* | 31.2 |
| 65–80 | 30.4** | 28.8** | 19.6 | 21.1 | 21.8 | 19.1 |
| High C-reactive protein | ||||||
| 18–34 | 22.4 | 23.8 | 19.5 | 20.5 | 16.8 | 15.0 |
| 35–49 | 34.3** | 26.2 | 24.0 | 25.8** | 19.0 | 18.2 |
| 50–64 | 44.1** | 33.0 | 30.2 | 41.8** | 27.7 | 27.7 |
| 65–80 | 46.7** | 37.2 | 35.9 | 39.8** | 45.0** | 29.9 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| 12–19 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.4 |
| 20–34 | 9.5 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 11.5 | 13.9 |
| 35–49 | 24.6* | 24.5* | 18.5 | 26.2* | 21.2 | 21.2 |
| 50–64 | 49.9** | 42.3 | 39.6 | 48.6 | 42.9 | 44.7 |
| 65–80 | 66.5* | 64.2 | 59.5 | 63.7 | 66.0 | 61.8 |
| Asthma ever diagnosed | ||||||
| Birth–3 | 13.4* | 10.8 | 8.4 | 9.2 | 4.4 | 3.7 |
| 4–11 | 17.8 | 20.7 | 17.8 | 13.2* | 10.1 | 7.6 |
| 12–19 | 17.7 | 18.1 | 17.1 | 11.4 | 6.7 | 11.6 |
| 20–34 | 12.0 | 10.9** | 16.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
| 35–49 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 4.2 |
| 50–64 | 12.0 | 9.5 | 10.8 | 6.7 | 4.2 | 4.9 |
| 65–80 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 6.3 |
| Heart Attack | ||||||
| 20–34 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| 35–49 | 3.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.2** | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| 50–64 | 13.0** | 8.2 | 5.8 | 13.7** | 6.9 | 5.2 |
| 65–80 | 26.8** | 19.6 | 16.1 | 27.2* | 26.8* | 17.4 |
| Stroke | ||||||
| 20–34 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 35–49 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
| 50–64 | 4.7** | 1.2 | 1.1 | 3.4** | 0.7 | 1.0 |
| 65–80 | 10.6* | 9.4 | 6.1 | 10.3** | 11.1** | 5.4 |
Note. HDL = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
*P < .05; **P < .01 (for prevalence among low- and middle-income vs high-income individuals).