Appendix A.

Current screening protocol for all men for prostate cancer, abridged collection

Organization	Year	Guideline
World Health Organization24	2009	Cannot make recommendations before more trials are done.
American Urological Association4,5	2009	Should be offered to asymptomatic men 40 or over with an estimated life expectancy of at least 10 years.
Canadian Urological Association25	2011	PSA testing should be offered to all men 50 years of age or older with a life expectancy of at least 10 years.
American Cancer Society6	2010	Does not support routine PSA and DRE testing but recommends that it be discussed with and offered to men 50 year and at least a 10 year life expectancy.
Canadian Cancer Society26	2009	Discuss the risks and benefits of DRE and PSA for men over 50 (40 if at risk).
US Preventive Services Task Force9,10	2008	Not enough evidence for or against routine screening in men under 75. Recommends against screening in men over 75. *New 2011 Draft proposes no screening at all in asymptomatic men, regardless of age, race, or family history.
Canadian Task Force on the Preventative Health Care27	1994	Insufficient evidence to include or exclude DRE, so advises to continue whatever physicians’ current practice is. Does not support PSA testing.
National Cancer Institute (US)28	2009	No formal guidelines; awaiting more clinical trial evidence.

PSA: prostate-specific antigen; DRE: digital rectal examination.