Table 2.
Characteristics of Study Sample.
| Non- Hispanic White (n=24) |
Hispanic (n= 25) |
African American (n=20) |
All participants (n=69) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Mean (sad) age in years | 77.68 (7.89) | 73.64 (8.23) | 75.67 (7.33) | 75.57 (7.92) |
| % Female | 77% | 88% | 76% | 81% |
| % > 12 yrs education | 68% | 12% | 48% | 41% |
| Medical | ||||
| Mean (sd) comorbidity score (0–17) | 3.09 (1.66) | 3.40 (1.50) | 3.71 (1.31) | 3.40 (1.50) |
| Days of restricted activity due to back pain in past 30 days | ||||
| % ≤ 7 days | 95% | 84% | 92% | 88% |
| % ≥ 8 days | 5% | 16% | 8% | 12% |
| Mean (sd) yrs of back pain | 15.66 (17.40) | 8.56 (7.62) | 15.29 (14.30) | 12.90 (13.64) |
| Pain therapies employed | ||||
| % Using heat | 47% | 39% | 72% | 53% |
| % Using an NSAID | 47% | 59% | 44% | 50% |
| % Using acetaminophen | 53% | 53% | 44% | 50% |
| % Using prayer | 10% | 56% | 11% | 25% |
| % Using exercise | 32% | 11% | 23% | 24% |
| % Using an opioid | 18% | 6% | 17% | 13% |
| Mean (sd) number of pain therapies | 3.45 (1.99) | 2.76 (2.58) | 3.19 (1.40) | 3.12 (2.08) |
*
Column entries for quantitative variables are means along with (standard deviations); for dichotomous variables column entries are proportions.
†
NSAID = Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.