Table 2. Behavioral and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV-Infection and Culture-Confirmed Pulmonary TB, by Sputum Smear Result, United States, 1993–2008.
| Characteristic | Smear-Negativen (%)* | Smear-Positiven (%)* | Prevalence Ratio of Smear-Negative Disease(95% Conf. Int.) |
| Excess alcohol use (within past year) † | |||
| Yes | 1,410 (38) | 2,329 (62) | 0.91 (0.87–0.95) |
| No | 3,936 (41) | 5,563 (59) | Referent |
| Unknown/Missing | 1,255 (40) | 1,877 (60) | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) |
| Injection drug use (within past year) † | |||
| Yes | 804 (41) | 1,155 (59) | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) |
| No | 4,548 (40) | 6,685 (60) | Referent |
| Unknown/Missing | 1,255 (39) | 1,929 (61) | 0.97 (0.93–1.02) |
| Previous TB diagnosis § | |||
| Yes | 321 (38) | 523 (62) | 0.94 (0.86–1.03) |
| No | 6,358 (40) | 9,361 (60) | Referent |
| Unknown/Missing | 60 (41) | 87 (59) | 1.01 (0.83–1.23) |
| Tuberculin skin test (TST) result § | |||
| Positive | 2,467 (46) | 2,911 (54) | Referent |
| Negative | 1,537 (38) | 2,539 (62) | 0.82 (0.78–0.86) |
| Unknown | 2,735 (38) | 4,521 (62) | 0.82 (0.79–0.86) |
| Chest Radiograph ** | |||
| Normal | 1,051 (60) | 707 (40) | 1.62 (1.55–1.70) |
| Abnormal – consistent with TB | 4,881 (36) | 8,375 (64) | Referent |
| Abnormal – not consistent with TB | 287 (55) | 237 (45) | 1.49 (1.37–1.61) |
| Abnormal – unknown result | 262 (42) | 366 (58) | 1.13 (1.03–1.25) |
*
Percentages are the proportion with a specific smear status among all patients with the characteristic who had a known smear status.
†
Among patients aged 15–64 (6,607 smear-negative, 9,769 smear-positive).
§
Among all patients (6,739 smear-negative, 9,971 smear-positive).
**
Among patients with a reported chest radiograph result (6,481 smear-negative, 9,685 smear-positive).